UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

SCHEDULE 14A

(Rule 14a-101)

 

INFORMATION REQUIRED IN PROXY STATEMENT

SCHEDULE 14A INFORMATION

Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of the

Securities Exchange Act of 1934

(Amendment No. )

 

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Filed by a Party other than the Registrant ☐

Check the appropriate box:

 

Preliminary Proxy Statement
Confidential, for Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2))
Definitive Proxy Statement
Definitive Additional Materials
Soliciting Material Pursuant tounder §240.14a-12

 

Oncocyte Corporation

(Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

 

N/A

(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement if other than the Registrant)

 

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May 19,July 10, 2023

 

Dear Shareholder:

 

You are cordially invited to attend the Annuala Special Meeting of Shareholders (the “Meeting”) of Oncocyte Corporation which will be held virtually on Friday, June 23,July 21, 2023, at 10:7:00 a.m. Pacific Time online through https://web.lumiagm.com/259974801.

The Notice and Proxy Statement on the following pages contain details concerning the business to come before the meetingMeeting and instructions on how to gain admission to the Annual Meeting online. Management will report on current operations, and there will be an opportunity for discussion concerning Oncocyte and its activities. Please sign and return your proxy card in the enclosed envelope to ensure that your shares will be represented and voted at the virtual meetingMeeting even if you cannot attend. You are urged to sign and return the enclosed proxy card even if you plan to attend the virtual meeting.Meeting.

 

Peter Hong

Secretary

 

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NOTICE OF ANNUALSPECIAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS

 

To Be Held June 23,July 21, 2023

 

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that the Annuala Special Meeting of Shareholders of Oncocyte Corporation (the “Meeting”) will be held virtually online through https://web.lumiagm.com/259974801 for the following purposes:

 

1. To elect five (5) directors to hold office until the next Annual Meeting of Shareholders and until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified. The nominees of theapprove granting our Board of Directors are: Joshua Riggs, Andrew Arno, Alfred D. Kingsley, Andrew J. Lastthe authority to exercise its discretion to amend our Articles of Incorporation to effect a reverse stock split of our outstanding shares of Common Stock, to regain compliance with the Nasdaq Stock Market’s minimum bid price requirement, at any of the following exchange ratios at any time within one year after shareholder approval is obtained, and Louis E. Silverman;once approved by the shareholders, the timing of the amendment and the specific reverse split ratio to be effected shall be determined in the sole discretion of our Board of Directors:

(a) a one-for-ten reverse stock split;

(b) a one-for-fifteen reverse stock split;

(c) a one-for-twenty reverse stock split; or

(d) a one-for-twenty-five reverse stock split;

 

2. To ratifyapprove granting our Board of Directors the appointmentauthority to exercise its discretion at any time within one year after shareholder approval is obtained to amend our Articles of WithumSmith+Brown, PC as Oncocyte’s independent registered public accountants forIncorporation to reduce the fiscal year ending December 31, 2023;number of authorized shares of our common stock, no par value (“Common Stock”), by a corresponding ratio to the reverse stock split if, and only if, the reverse stock split proposal is approved and implemented;

 

3. To approve, on an advisory basis, Oncocyte’s named executive officer compensation in fiscal 2022;

4. To approve an amendment to our 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (as amended, the “Incentive Plan”) to make an additional 5,000,000eliminate the limitation on the number of shares of common stock available for equity awards;our Common Stock that can be granted to any individual participant under the Incentive Plan during any one (1)-year period; and

 

5.4. To transact such other business as may properly come before the Meeting or any adjournments of the Meeting.

 

The Board of Directors has fixed the close of business on April 24,June 28, 2023, as the record date for determining shareholders entitled to receive notice of and to vote at the Meeting or any postponement or adjournment of the meeting.

 

This year weWe have made arrangements for our shareholders to attend and participate at the Meeting through an online electronic video screen communication at https://web.lumiagm.com/259974801. If you wish to attend the Meeting online you will need to gain admission in the manner described in the Proxy Statement. Although the Meeting will not be held in person, shareholders will, to the extent possible, be afforded the same rights and opportunities to participate at the virtual meeting similarly to how they would participate at an in-person meeting.

 

Whether or not you expect to attend the Meeting online, you are urged to sign and date the enclosed form of proxy and return it promptly so that your shares may be represented and voted at the Meeting. If you should be present at the virtual Meeting, your proxy will be returned to you if you so request.

 

WHETHER OR NOT YOU EXPECT TO ATTEND THE MEETING, PLEASE SUBMIT YOUR PROXY PROMPTLY BY FOLLOWING THE INSTRUCTIONS ON THE PROXY CARD.

 

Important Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials

for the ShareholderSpecial Meeting of Shareholders to be Held June 23,held on July 21, 2023.

 

The Letter to Shareholders, Notice of Special Meeting of Shareholders and Proxy Statement and Annual Report on Form 10-K,

are available at: https://www.astproxyportal.com/ast/2048720487/special

 

By Order of the Board of Directors,

 

Peter Hong

Secretary

Irvine, California

May 19,July 10, 2023

ANNUALSPECIAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS

 

To Be Held on Friday, June 23,July 21, 2023

 

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT THE PROXY MATERIALS

AND THE ANNUALSPECIAL MEETING

 

Q: Why have I received this Proxy Statement?

 

We are holding our Annuala Special Meeting of Shareholders (the “Meeting”) for the purposes stated in the accompanying Notice of AnnualSpecial Meeting, which include approving of granting our Board of Directors the authority to exercise its discretion at any time within one year after shareholder approval is obtained to amend our Articles of Incorporation to (1) electing directors, (2) ratifying the appointmenteffect a reverse stock split of our independent registered public accountants; (3) approving, on an advisory basis, Oncocyte’s named executive officer compensation in fiscal 2022, and (4) approving an amendment to our 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (as previously amended on June 24, 2021, the “Incentive Plan”) that, if approved, will make an additional 5,000,000outstanding shares of commonCommon Stock to regain compliance with the Nasdaq Stock Market’s minimum bid price requirement; and (2) reduce the number of authorized shares of our Common Stock by a corresponding ratio to the reverse stock available for equity awards (the “Incentive Plan Amendment Proposal”). Atsplit if, and only if, the Meeting, our management will also report on current operations,reverse stock split proposal is approved and there will be an opportunity for discussion concerning Oncocyte and its activities.implemented. This Proxy Statement contains information about those matters, relevant information about the Meeting, and other information that we are required to include in a proxy statement under the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (“SEC”) regulations.

 

Q: Who is soliciting my proxy?

 

The accompanying proxy is solicited by the Board of Directors of Oncocyte Corporation (the “Company”), a California corporation, for use at the AnnualSpecial Meeting of Shareholders to be held virtually via an online electronic video screen communication.

 

Q: Who is entitled to vote at the Meeting?

 

Only shareholders of record at the close of business on April 24,June 28, 2023, which has been designated as the “record date,” are entitled to notice of and to vote at the Meeting. On that date, there were 164,607,280164,821,077 shares of Oncocyte common stock, no par value,our Common Stock issued and outstanding, which constitutes the only class of Oncocyte voting securities outstanding.

 

Q: What percentage of the vote is required to elect directors or to approve the other matters that are being presented for a vote by shareholders?

 

Directors will be elected by theThe affirmative vote of a majority of the shares of common stock represented and voting at the Meeting at which a quorum is present, provided that the shares voting affirmatively also constitute at least a majority of the required quorum. All other matters to be presented for a vote at the Meeting will require the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares of common stockCommon Stock represented at the Meeting, provided that a quorum is present. present, is required to approve each proposal described in this Proxy Statement.

A quorum consists of a majority of the outstanding shares of common stockCommon Stock entitled to vote. Both abstentions and broker non-votes described in the questions below are counted for the purpose of determining the presence of a quorum. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a quorum is not present the Meeting may be adjourned by a vote of a majority of the shares present or represented by proxy.

 

The affirmative vote of a majority of the shares represented at the Meeting, provided that a quorum is present, is required to approve, on an advisory basis, the say on pay vote. As an advisory vote, this proposal is not binding upon us. However, the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors, which is responsible for designing and administering our executive compensation program, values the opinion expressed by our shareholders and will consider the outcome of the vote when making future compensation decisions. 

Q: How many votes do my shares represent?

 

Each share of Oncocyte common stockCommon Stock is entitled to one vote in all matters that may be acted upon at the Meeting. Cumulative voting will not be available in the election of directors at the Meeting.

 

Q: What are my choices when voting?

 

In the election of directors, you may vote for all nominees or you may withhold your vote from one or more nominees. For each other proposal described in this Proxy Statement, you may vote for the proposal, vote against the proposal, or abstain from voting on the proposal. Properly executed proxies in the accompanying form that are received at or before the Meeting will be voted in accordance with the directions noted on the proxies.

 

Q: What if I abstain from voting on a matter?

 

If you check the “abstain” box in the proxy form, or if you attend the Meeting without submitting a proxy and you abstain from voting on a matter, or if your shares are subject to a “broker non-vote” on a matter, your sharesit will be deemed to have not voted on that matter in determining whether the matter has received an affirmativesame effect as a vote sufficient for approval. Broker non-votes and abstentions will not affectagainst the outcome of any of the proposals to be voted upon.proposal. Please see “What if I do not specify how I want my shares voted?” below for additional information about broker non-votes.

 

Q: How can I vote at the Meeting?

 

If you are a shareholder of record and you attend the Meeting online, you may vote your shares at the Meeting in the manner provided for internet voting. However, if you are a “street name” holder, you may vote your shares online only if you obtain a signed proxy from your broker or nominee giving you the right to vote your shares. Please refer to additional information in the “HOW TO ATTEND THE ANNUALSPECIAL MEETING” portion of this Proxy Statement.

 

Even if you currently plan to attend the Meeting online, we recommend that you also submit your proxy first so that your vote will be counted if you later decide not to attend the Meeting.

Q: Can I still attend and vote at the Meeting if I submit a proxy?

 

You may attend the Meeting through online participation whether or not you have previously submitted a proxy. If you previously gave a proxy, your attendance at the Meeting online will not revoke your proxy unless you also vote through internet voting during your online participation at the Meeting.

 

Q: Can I change my vote after I submit my proxy form?

 

You may revoke your proxy at any time before it is voted. If you are a shareholder of record and you wish to revoke your proxy you must do one of the following things:

 

deliver to the Secretary of Oncocyte a written revocation; or

deliver to the Secretary of Oncocyte a signed proxy bearing a date subsequent to the date of the proxy being revoked; or

attend the Meeting and vote through internet voting during online participation.

 

If you are a “beneficial owner” of shares “held in street name” you should follow the directions provided by your broker or other nominee regarding how to revoke your proxy.

Q: What are the Board of Directors’ recommendations?

 

The Board of Directors recommends that our shareholders vote FOR (1) each nominee for election asgranting the Board of Directors the authority to exercise its discretion at any time within one year after shareholder approval is obtained to amend our Articles of Incorporation to effect a director, (2) approvalreverse stock split of our outstanding shares of Common Stock, to regain compliance with the Nasdaq Stock Market’s minimum bid price requirement, at any of the appointment of WithumSmith+Brown, PC as our independent registered public accountants forstated exchange ratios, and once approved by the fiscal year ending December 31, 2023, (3) approvalshareholders, the timing of the say-on-pay proposal,amendment and (4) approvalthe specific reverse split ratio to be effected shall be determined in the sole discretion of the Incentive Plan Amendment ProposalBoard of Directors; and (2) granting the Board of Directors the authority to make an additional 5,000,000exercise its discretion at any time within one year after shareholder approval is obtained to amend our Articles of Incorporation to reduce the number of authorized shares of commonour Common Stock by a corresponding ratio to the reverse stock available for equity awards.split if, and only if, the reverse stock split proposal is approved and implemented.

 

Q: What if I do not specify how I want my shares voted?

 

Shareholders of Record. If you are a shareholder of record and you sign and return a proxy form that does not specify how you want your shares voted on a matter, your shares will be voted FOR (1) each nominee for election asgranting the Board of Directors the authority to exercise its discretion at any time within one year after shareholder approval is obtained to amend our Articles of Incorporation to effect a director, (2) approvalreverse stock split of our outstanding shares of Common Stock, to regain compliance with the Nasdaq Stock Market’s minimum bid price requirement, at any of the appointment of WithumSmith+Brown, PC as our independent registered public accountants forstated exchange ratios, and once approved by the fiscal year ending December 31, 2023, (3) approvalshareholders, the timing of the say-on-pay proposal,amendment and (4) approvalthe specific reverse split ratio to be effected shall be determined in the sole discretion of the Incentive Plan Amendment ProposalBoard of Directors; and (2) granting the Board of Directors the authority to make an additional 5,000,000exercise its discretion at any time within one year after shareholder approval is obtained to amend our Articles of Incorporation to reduce the number of authorized shares of commonour Common Stock by a corresponding ratio to the reverse stock available for equity awards.split if, and only if, the reverse stock split proposal is approved and implemented.

 

Beneficial Owners. If you are a beneficial owner and you do not provide your broker or other nominee with voting instructions, the broker or other nominee will determine if it has the discretionary authority to vote on the particular matter. Under the rules of the various national and regional securities exchanges, brokers and other nominees holding your shares cannot vote in the election of directors, the say-on-pay proposal and the Incentive Plan Amendment Proposal to make an additional 5,000,000 shares of common stock available for equity awards, but may vote on certain matters considered to be routine under such rules, which may include, depending on the applicable rules, the approvalany of the appointment of our independent registered public accountants.proposals described in this Proxy Statement. If you hold your shares in street name and you do not instruct your broker or other nominee how to vote on those matters as to which brokers and nominees are not permitted to vote without your instructions, no votes will be cast on your behalf on those matters. This is generally referred to as a “broker non-vote.”

 

Q: What is the difference between holding shares as a shareholder of record and as a beneficial owner?

 

Shareholder of Record. You are a shareholder of record if at the close of business on the record date your shares were registered directly in your name with American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, our transfer agent.

 

Beneficial Owner. You are a beneficial owner if at the close of business on the record date your shares were held in the name of a brokerage firm or other nominee and not in your name. Being a beneficial owner means that, like most of our shareholders, your shares are held in “street name.” As the beneficial owner, you have the right to direct your broker or nominee how to vote your shares by following the voting instructions your broker or other nominee provides. If you do not provide your broker or nominee with instructions on how to vote your shares, your broker or nominee will be able to vote your shares with respect to some of the proposals, but not all. Please see “What if I do not specify how I want my shares voted?” above for additional information.

 

Q: What if any matters not mentioned in the Notice of AnnualSpecial Meeting or this Proxy Statement come up for vote at the Meeting?

 

The Board of Directors does not intend to present any business for a vote at the Meeting other than the matters set forth in the accompanying Notice of AnnualSpecial Meeting of Shareholders. As of the date of this Proxy Statement, no shareholder has notified us of any other business that may properly come before the Meeting. If other matters requiring the vote of the shareholders properly come before the Meeting, then it is the intention of the persons named in the accompanying form of proxy to vote the proxy held by them in accordance with their judgment on such matters.

 

The enclosed proxy confers discretionary authority to vote with respect to any and all of the following matters that may come before the Meeting: (1) matters that the Board of Directors did not know, a reasonable time before the mailing of the notice of the Meeting, would be presented at the Meeting; and (2) matters incidental to the conduct of the Meeting.

 

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Q: Who will bear the cost of soliciting proxies for use at the Meeting?

 

Oncocyte will bear all of the costs of the solicitation of proxies for use at the Meeting. In addition to the use of the mails, proxies may be solicited by a personal interview, telephone, facsimile, via the internet, an overnight delivery service and telegram by a proxy solicitor, our directors, officers, and employees, who will undertake such activities without additional compensation. Banks, brokerage houses, and other institutions, nominees, or fiduciaries will be requested to forward the proxy materials to the beneficial owners of the common stockCommon Stock held of record by such persons and entities and will be reimbursed for their reasonable expense incurred in connection with forwarding such material.

 

Q: How can I attend and vote at the Meeting?

 

If you plan on attending the Meeting online, please read the “HOW TO ATTEND THE ANNUALSPECIAL MEETING” section at the end of this Proxy Statement for information about how to attend and participate in the Meeting online.

 

This Proxy Statement and the accompanying form of proxy are first being sent or given to our shareholders on or about May 19,July 10, 2023.

 

ELIMINATING DUPLICATE MAILINGS

 

Oncocyte has adopted a procedure called “householding.” Under this procedure, we may deliver a single copy of this Proxy Statement and our Annual Report to multiple shareholders who share the same address, unless we receive contrary instructions from one or more of the shareholders. This year, a number of brokers with account holders who are our shareholders will be “householding” our proxy materials. This procedure reduces the environmental impact of our annualshareholder meetings and reduces our printing and mailing costs. Shareholders participating in householding will continue to receive separate proxy cards.

 

We will deliver separate copies of Proxy Statement and our Annual Report to each shareholder sharing a common address if they notify us that they wish to receive separate copies. If you wish to receive a separate copy of Proxy Statement, and our Annual Report, you may contact us by telephone at (949) 409-7600, or by mail at 15 Cushing, Irvine, California 92618. You may also contact us at the above phone number or address if you are presently receiving multiple copies of Proxy Statement and our Annual Report but would prefer to receive a single copy instead.

ELECTION OF DIRECTORS

At the Meeting, five (5) directors will be elected to hold office until the next Annual Meeting of Shareholders, and until their successors have been duly elected and qualified. All of the nominees named below, Joshua Riggs, Andrew Arno, Alfred D. Kingsley, Andrew Last and Louis E. Silverman are incumbent directors.

The vote required vote to elect a director is the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares of common stock represented and voting at the Meeting at which a quorum is present, provided that the shares voting affirmatively also constitute at least a majority of the required quorum. It is the intention of the persons named in the enclosed proxy, unless the proxy specifies otherwise, to vote the shares represented by such proxy FOR the election of the nominees listed below. In the unlikely event that any nominee should be unable to serve as a director, proxies may be voted in favor of a substitute nominee designated by the Board of Directors. If you are a beneficial owner of shares held in street name, your broker or other nominee will not be allowed to vote in the election of directors unless you instruct your broker or other nominee how to vote on the form that the broker or nominee provided to you.

Directors and Nominees

The following persons are the directors on our Board of Directors (including all of our director nominees) and hold the positions set forth opposite their names.

Name Age Director Since Position
Joshua Riggs 41 2023 President and Chief Executive Officer and Director
Andrew Arno 63 2015 Chairman of the Board of Directors
Jennifer Levin Carter(1) 59 2020 Director
Alfred D. Kingsley 80 2009 Director
Andrew J. Last 63 2015 Director
John Peter Gutfreund(1) 37 2022 Director
Louis E. Silverman 64 2023 Lead Independent Director

(1)Dr. Carter and Mr. Gutfreund are not standing for reelection.

Joshua Riggs, 41, joined our Board of Directors and began serving as our President and Chief Executive Officer in February 2023. Mr. Riggs previously served as our Interim Chief Executive Officer since December 2022, the Company’s General Manager, Transplant from July 2022 to December 2022, and the Company’s Senior Director Business Development from August 2020 until September 2022. From January 2015 to August 2020, Mr. Riggs was the founder and principal of Intelliger Consulting, an organization devoted to consumer driven healthcare, and from January 2016 to July 2020, he was a principal at Bethesda Group, LLC, a boutique consulting group focused on helping small and mid-stage diagnostic companies and investment groups move emerging diagnostic content and platforms to market. Mr. Riggs received a BA in Interdisciplinary Studies from Adelphi University and an MBA from the University of Mississippi.

We believe Mr. Riggs is qualified to serve on our Board of Directors because of his previous leadership experiences and involvement with all aspects of the Company’s business and operations.

Andrew Arno, 63, joined our Board of Directors in June 2015 and was appointed Chairman of the Board of Directors in May 2022. Mr. Arno has 30 years of experience handling a wide range of corporate and financial matters, including work as an investment banker and strategic advisor to emerging growth companies. Mr. Arno previously served, from July 2015 to February 2023, as Vice Chairman of Special Equities Group, LLC, a privately held investment banking firm affiliated with Dawson James Securities Inc. and previously with Bradley Woods & Co. Ltd. And Chardan Capital Markets LLC. From June 2013 until July 2015, Mr. Arno served as Managing Director of Emerging Growth Equities, an investment bank, and Vice President of Sabr, Inc., a family investment group. He was previously President of LOMUSA Limited, an investment banking firm. From 2009 to 2012, Mr. Arno served as Vice Chairman and Chief Marketing Officer of Unterberg Capital, LLC, an investment advisory firm that he co-founded. He was also Vice Chairman and Head of Equity Capital Markets of Merriman Capital LLC, an investment banking firm, and served on the board of the parent company, Merriman Holdings, Inc. Mr. Arno currently serves on the boards of directors of Smith Micro Software, Inc. and Independa Inc., both software companies, and Comhear Inc., an audio technology R&D company. Mr. Arno previously served as a director of Asterias Biotherapeutics, Inc. from August 2014 until it was acquired by Lineage Cell Therapeutics, Inc. (“Lineage”) in March 2019. Mr. Arno received a BS degree from George Washington University.

We believe Mr. Arno is qualified to serve on our Board of Directors because of his financial expertise and his experience as a director on other public company boards. 

Jennifer Levin Carter, 59, joined our Board of Directors in August 2020 and is not standing for reelection. Dr. Carter is a healthcare executive, investor, board member and entrepreneur with a track record of developing and investing in innovative strategies and solutions at the intersection of and healthcare IT and services, digital health and machine learning, precision medicine, and genomics. Dr. Carter has been a Managing Director at Sandbox Industries and Blue Venture Fund since March 2021. Sandbox provides healthcare-related investment management exclusively for the Blue Venture Fund. Previously, Dr. Carter served as Managing Director of JLC Precision Health Strategies from July 2020 to April 2021 and VP and Head of Precision Health at Integral Health (now Valo Health), a Flagship Pioneering company, from March 2019 to August 2020. In 2018, Dr. Carter founded TrialzOWN, Inc. a healthcare company that was acquired in the development stage by Integral Health in March 2019. Prior to serving as CEO of TrialzOWN, Dr. Carter founded N-of-One, Inc. and served as its Chief Executive Officer from 2008 to 2012, and as its Chief Medical Officer from 2012 until its acquisition by Qiagen in 2019. At N-of-One, Dr. Carter led the development of the platform to create award-winning novel treatment strategies for cancer patients. Prior to founding N-of-One, Dr. Carter spent nine years working as an Investment Consultant with Levin Capital Strategies and with other groups specializing in biotechnology and life sciences investments evaluating existing and emerging markets, new medical technologies, and early-stage companies. After obtaining her medical degree, Dr. Carter practiced internal medicine at Mount Auburn Hospital in Cambridge, MA. Dr. Carter serves on the board of directors of CareMax, Inc. Dr. Carter received a BS degree from Yale University, an MD from Harvard Medical School, an MPH from the Harvard School of Public Health, and an MBA from MIT.

We believe Dr. Carter is qualified to serve on our Board of Directors because of her extensive experience holding leadership positions within investment firms and other healthcare companies, her medical expertise and her experience as director on other boards.

Alfred D. Kingsley, 80, joined our Board of Directors in September 2009 and served as Chairman of the Board from December 2010 until April 2018. Mr. Kingsley is also the Chairman of the Board of Directors of Lineage, a biotechnology company that was formerly BioTime, Inc. Mr. Kingsley’s long career in corporate finance and mergers and acquisitions includes substantial experience in helping companies to improve their management and corporate governance, and to restructure their operations in order to add value for shareholders. As Chairman of the Board of Lineage and formerly of Oncocyte, Mr. Kingsley has been instrumental in structuring their equity and debt financings and their business acquisitions. Mr. Kingsley has been general partner of Greenway Partners, L.P., a private investment firm, and President of Greenbelt Corp., a business consulting firm, since 1993. Mr. Kingsley was Senior Vice-President of Icahn and Company and its affiliated entities for more than 25 years. Mr. Kingsley served as a director of Asterias Biotherapeutics, Inc. from September 2012 until it was acquired by Lineage in March 2019. Mr. Kingsley holds a BS degree in economics from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, and a JD degree and LLM in taxation from New York University Law School.

We believe Mr. Kingsley is qualified to serve on our Board of Directors because of his extensive experience in corporate finance, mergers and acquisitions and corporate governance, and his experience as a director on other boards.

Andrew J. Last, 63, joined our Board of Directors in December 2015. Dr. Last shares with our Board his many years of senior management experience commercializing products internationally in the genomics and life-sciences industries. Since 2019, Dr. Last has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., a global leader in developing, manufacturing, and marketing a broad range of innovative products for the life science research and clinical diagnostic markets. From December 2017 to April 2019, Dr. Last previously served as Chief Commercial Officer at Berkeley Lights Inc., a digital cell biology company focused on enabling and accelerating the rapid development and commercialization of biotherapeutics and other cell-based products, and as Chief Operating Officer of Intrexon Corporation, a company using synthetic biology to focus on programming biological systems to alleviate disease, remediate environmental challenges, and provide sustainable food and industrial chemicals from August 2016 to December 2017. From 2010 to 2016, Dr. Last was Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of Affymetrix, a biotechnology company. Before joining Affymetrix, Dr. Last served as Vice President, Global and Strategic Marketing of BD Biosciences and as General Manager of Pharmingen from 2004 to 2010. From 2002 to 2004, Dr. Last held management positions at Applied Biosystems, Inc., including as Vice President and General Manager from 2003 to 2004 and Vice President of Marketing 2002 to 2003. Earlier in his career, he served in a variety of management positions at other companies, including Incyte Genomics and Monsanto. Dr. Last holds PhD and MS degrees with specialization in Agrochemical Chemicals and Bio-Aeronautics, respectively, from Cranfield University, and a BS degree in Biological Sciences from the University of Leicester in the United Kingdom.

We believe Dr. Last is qualified to serve on our Board of Directors because of his extensive experience holding senior leadership positions within other biopharmaceutical companies and his many years of experience commercializing products in the genomics and life-sciences industries. 

John Peter Gutfreund, 37, joined our Board of Directors in July 2022 and is not standing for reelection. Since October 2019, Mr. Gutfreund has served as Managing Partner of Halle Capital Management, a growth oriented private equity firm focused on middle-market companies in the healthcare, consumer, and business services sectors. Mr. Gutfreund serves on the board of several Halle portfolio companies. Mr. Gutfreund is a trustee at Montefiore Health System, a New York based academic health system, where he serves as a member of the investment committee. Prior to joining Halle Capital Management, Mr. Gutfreund was the Director of Research at Glenview Capital Management from March 2013 to September 2019. Mr. Gutfreund worked in the Investment Banking industry earlier in his career and holds a BA from New York University.

We believe Mr. Gutfreund is qualified to serve on our Board of Directors because of his financial expertise and his experience as a director on other boards.

Louis E. Silverman, 64, joined our Board of Directors in November 2022 and was appointed Lead Independent Director in February 2023. Since February 2014, Mr. Silverman has served as the Chairperson and Chief Executive Officer of privately held Hicuity Health, Inc. (formerly known as Advanced ICU Care, Inc.), a health care services company providing remote patient monitoring services to hospitals. From 2014 to 2022, Mr. Silverman served as a director on the board of directors of STAAR Surgical Company, which designs, develops, manufactures, and sells implantable lenses for the eye and companion delivery systems used to deliver the lenses into the eye. From June 2012 through February 2014, Mr. Silverman served as a consultant and board advisor for private equity investors and others regarding health care technology and health care technology service companies, and health care services portfolio investments. From September 2009 through June 2012, Mr. Silverman was Chief Executive Officer of Marina Medical Billing Services, Inc., a revenue cycle management company serving ER physicians nationally. From September 2008 through August 2009, Mr. Silverman served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Qualcomm-backed health care start-up LifeComm. From August 2000 through August 2008, Mr. Silverman served as the President and Chief Executive officer of Quality Systems, Inc., a publicly traded developer of medical and dental practice management and patient records software. From 1993 through 2000, he served in multiple positions, including Chief Operations Officer, of CorVel Corporation, a publicly traded national managed care services/technology company. Mr. Silverman earned a BA from Amherst College and an MBA from Harvard Business School.

We believe Mr. Silverman is qualified to serve on our Board of Directors because of his extensive experience holding senior leadership and board positions with other public and private companies.

Director Independence

Our Board of Directors has determined that Jennifer Levin Carter, Alfred D. Kingsley, Andrew J. Last, John Peter Gutfreund and Louis E. Silverman, qualify as “independent” in accordance with Rule 5605(a)(2) of Nasdaq. Dr. Carter and Mr. Gutfreund are not standing for reelection. The members of our Audit Committee meet the additional independence standards under Nasdaq Rule 5605(c)(2) and Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act, and the members of our Compensation Committee meet the additional independence standards under Nasdaq Rule 5605(d)(2). Our independent directors received no compensation or remuneration for serving as directors except as disclosed under “CORPORATE GOVERNANCE—Compensation of Directors.” None of these directors, nor any of the members of their respective families, have participated in any transaction with us that would disqualify them as “independent” directors under the standards described above. Joshua Riggs does not qualify as “independent” because he is our Chief Executive Officer and President.

 

10
 

 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCEPROPOSAL 1: TO APPROVE GRANTING OUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS THE AUTHORITY TO EXERCISE ITS DISCRETION TO AMEND OUR ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION TO EFFECT A REVERSE STOCK SPLIT OF OUR OUTSTANDING SHARES OF COMMON STOCK, TO REGAIN COMPLIANCE WITH THE NASDAQ STOCK MARKET’S MINIMUM BID PRICE REQUIREMENT, AT ANY OF THE FOLLOWING EXCHANGE RATIOS AT ANY TIME WITHIN ONE YEAR AFTER SHAREHOLDER APPROVAL IS OBTAINED, AND ONCE APPROVED BY THE SHAREHOLDERS, THE TIMING OF THE AMENDMENT AND THE SPECIFIC REVERSE SPLIT RATIO TO BE EFFECTED SHALL BE DETERMINED IN THE SOLE DISCRETION OF OUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS: (A) A ONE-FOR-TEN REVERSE STOCK SPLIT; (B) A ONE-FOR-FIFTEEN REVERSE STOCK SPLIT; (C) A ONE-FOR-TWENTY REVERSE STOCK SPLIT; OR (D) A ONE-FOR-TWENTY-FIVE REVERSE STOCK SPLIT.

 

Directors’ Meetings

DuringOur Board of Directors believes it is advisable and in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022,best interests of the Company and our shareholders to approve granting our Board of Directors met 35 times. Nonethe authority to exercise its discretion to amend our Articles of our directors attended fewer than 75% of the meetings of the Board and the committees on which they served. Directors are also encouragedIncorporation to attend our annual meetings of shareholders, although they are not formally required to do so. Five of our directors attended our annual meeting of shareholders in 2022.

Meetings of Non-Management Directors

Our non-management directors meet no less frequently than quarterly in executive session, without any directors who are Oncocyte officers or employees present. These meetings allow the non-management directors to engage in open and frank discussions about corporate governance and about our business, operations, finances, and management performance.

Shareholder Communications with Directors

If you wish to communicate with the Board of Directors or with individual directors, you may do so by following the procedure described on our website www.Oncocyte.com.

Shareholder Engagement

Members of our Board of Directors have maintained open and interactive dialogue with our largest shareholders. We believe that active shareholder engagement will drive increased corporate accountability, improve decision making, and create long-term value for our shareholders.

Code of Ethics

We have adoptedeffect a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (“Code of Ethics”) that applies to our principal executive officer, our principal financial officer and accounting officer, our other executive officers, and our directors. The purpose of the Code of Ethics is to deter wrongdoing and to promote the conduct of all Oncocyte business in accordance with high standards of integrity, including, among other things: (i) compliance with applicable governmental laws, rules, and regulations; (ii) honest and ethical conduct, including the ethical handling of actual or apparent conflicts of interest; (iii) the prompt internal reporting of any suspected violations of the Code of Ethics to appropriate persons or through Oncocyte’s Compliance Hotline/Helpline; (iv) complete cooperation in the investigation of reported violations and the provision of truthful, complete and accurate information; and (v) accountability for adherence to the Code of Ethics. A copy of our Code of Ethics has been posted on our internet website and can be found at www.Oncocyte.com. We intend to disclose any future amendments to certain provisions of our Code of Ethics, and any waivers of those provisions granted to our principal executive officers, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller or persons performing similar functions, by posting the information on our website within four business days following the date of the amendment or waiver.

Board Leadership Structure

Our leadership structure bifurcates the roles of Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board. In other words, although our Chief Executive Officer is a member of our Board, Andrew Arno currently serves as Chairman of the Board. The Company believes that the Chairman can provide support and advice to the Chief Executive Officer, and lead the Board in fulfilling its responsibilities. The Chairman of the Board serves as an active liaison between the Board and our Chief Executive Officer and our other senior management. The Chairman of the Board also interfaces with our other non-management directors with respect to matters such as the members and chairs of Board committees, other corporate governance matters, and strategic planning.

Louis E. Silverman currently serves as our Lead Independent Director. We created the position of Lead Independent Director in February 2023 primarily because we recognize that Mr. Arno, the Chairman of the Board, and Mr. Riggs, our President and Chief Executive Officer, do not qualify as independent directors. We expect our Lead Independent Director will provide independent oversight of management and our Board of Directors, and lead executive sessions of our Board of Directors at which only non-employee directors are present.

The Board’s Role in Risk Management

The Board has an active role, as a whole, in overseeing management of the risks of our business. The Board regularly reviews information regarding our credit, liquidity, and operations, as well as the risks associated with our research and development activities, regulatory compliance with respect to the operation of our CLIA laboratories, and our plans to expand our business. The Audit Committee provides oversight of our financial reporting processes and the annual audit of our financial statements. In addition, the Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee reviews and must approve any business transactions between Oncocyte and its executive officers, directors, and shareholders who beneficially own 5% or morereverse stock split of our outstanding shares of common stock.Common Stock, to regain compliance with the Nasdaq Stock Market’s minimum bid price requirement, at any of the following exchange ratios at any time within one year after shareholder approval is obtained, and once approved by the shareholders, the timing of the amendment and the specific reverse split ratio to be effected shall be determined in the sole discretion of our Board of Directors: (A) a one-for-ten reverse stock split; (B) a one-for-fifteen reverse stock split; (C) a one-for-twenty reverse stock split; or (D) a one-for-twenty-five reverse stock split.

 

Hedging Transactions

We have adopted an Insider Trading Policy that generally prohibitsOn June 30, 2023, our employees, including our officers, directors, and their designees from engaging in short salesBoard of Oncocyte securities (sales of securities that are not then owned), including a “sale against the box” (a sale with delayed delivery), or other hedging or monetization transactions with respect to Oncocyte securities, including, but not limited to, through the use of financial instruments such as exchange funds, prepaid variable forwards, equity swaps, puts, calls, collars, forwards and other derivative instruments.

CommitteesDirectors approved of the proposed amendment of our Articles of Incorporation, subject to shareholder approval, that would effect a reverse stock split in which each ten, fifteen, twenty or twenty-five issued and outstanding shares of our Common Stock would be combined and converted into one share. Although shareholders are being asked to vote on each of the proposed reverse stock split exchange ratios, only one such proposal will be effected. Upon shareholder approval, our Board

will have the sole discretion to elect, as it determines to be in the best interests of the Company and our shareholders, whether or not to effect a reverse stock split, and if so, the specific number of shares of our Common Stock between and including ten and twenty-five, which will be combined into one share, at any time before the first anniversary of this Meeting. The Board of Directors hasbelieves that shareholder approval of an Audit Committee, a Compensation Committee, and a Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee, the members of which are “independent” as defined in Nasdaq Rule 5605(a)(2). The membersamendment at each of the Audit Committee meetproposed reverse stock split ratios granting it the additional independence standards under Nasdaq Rule 5605(c)(2) and Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act. The members of the Compensation Committee must also meet the additional independence considerations under Nasdaq Rule 5605(d)(2). We also have a Science & Technology Committee, the members of which need not be independent.

Audit Committee

The current members of the Audit Committee are Andrew J. Last (Chair), Jennifer Levin Carter and Alfred D. Kingsley. Andrew Arno previously served on the Audit Committee as its Chair during 2022 and a portion of 2023, The Audit Committee held six meetings during 2022. The purpose of the Audit Committee isdiscretion to recommend the engagement of our independent registered public accountants, to review their performance and the plan, scope, and results of the audit, and to review and approve the fees we pay to our independent registered public accountants. The Audit Committee also will review our accounting and financial reporting procedures and controls. The Audit Committee has a written charter that requires the members of the Audit Committeespecific ratio to be directors who are independent in accordance with the applicable Nasdaq Rules and Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act. A copyeffected, rather than approval of the Audit Committee Charter has been posted on our internet website and can be foundonly one exchange ratio at www.Oncocyte.com.

Our Board of Directors has determined that Andrew J. Last meets the criteria of an “audit committee financial expert” within the meaning of the SEC’s regulations.

Compensation Committee

The current members of the Compensation Committee are Louis E. Silverman (Chair), John Peter Gutfreund and Andrew Last. Each of Melinda Griffith and Jennifer Levin Carter served as Chair of the Compensation Committee during portions of 2022. Andrew Arno served as a member of the Compensation Committee during a portion of 2022. The Compensation Committee met 18 times during 2022. The Compensation Committee oversees our compensation and employee benefit plans and practices, including executive compensation arrangements and incentive plans and awards of stock options and other equity-based awards under our equity plans, including our Incentive Plan. The Compensation Committee will determine or recommend to the Board of Directors the terms and amount of executive compensation and grants of equity-based awards to executives, key employees, consultants, and independent contractors. The Chief Executive Officer may make recommendations to the Compensation Committee concerning executive compensation and performance, but the Compensation Committee makes its own determination or recommendation tothis time, provides the Board of Directors with respectmaximum flexibility to react to then-current market conditions and, therefore, is in the amountbest interests the Company and components of compensation, including salary, bonus and equity awards to executive officers, generally taking into account factors such as company performance, individual performance, and compensation paid by peer group companies. A copy of the Compensation Committee Charter has been posted on our internet website and can be found at www.Oncocyte.com.

Oncocyte has periodically engaged Anderson Pay to provide compensation consulting services and advice to management and the Compensation Committee, which has generally included market survey information and competitive market trends in employee, executive and directors’ compensation programs. Anderson Pay has also periodically made recommendations to the Compensation Committee with respect to pay mix components such as salary, bonus, equity awards and the target market pay percentiles in which executive compensation should fall so Oncocyte can be competitive in executive hiring and retention. 

Report of the Audit Committee on the Audit of Our Consolidated Financial Statementsshareholders.

 

The following is the reportfull text of the Audit Committee with respect to Oncocyte’s audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2022.

The information contained in this report shall not be deemed “soliciting material” or otherwise considered “filed” with the SEC, and such information shall not be incorporated by reference into any future filing under the Securities Actform of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), or the Exchange Act, except to the extent that Oncocyte specifically incorporates such information by reference in such filing.

The membersproposed amendment of the Audit Committee held discussions withArticles of Incorporation is attached to this Proxy Statement as Annex A. By approving this Proposal, shareholders will be approving granting our management and representativesBoard of WithumSmith+Brown, PC,Directors the authority to exercise its discretion to amend our independent registered public accountants, concerning the auditArticles of Incorporation pursuant to which any whole number of outstanding shares of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2022. The independent public accountants are responsible for performing an independent audit of our consolidated financial statementsCommon Stock between and issuing an opinion on the conformity of those audited consolidated financial statements with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. The Audit Committee does not itself prepare financial statements or perform audits,including ten and its members are not auditors or certifiers of Oncocyte’s financial statements.

The Audit Committee members reviewedtwenty-five would be combined into one share, and discussed with management and representatives of the auditors the audited consolidated financial statements contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. Our auditors also discussed with the Audit Committee the adequacy of Oncocyte’s internal control over financial reporting.

The Audit Committee members discussed with the independent auditors the matters required to be discussed by the applicable requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board and the SEC. The Audit Committee received the written disclosures and the letter mandated by applicable requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding the independent accountant’s communications with the Audit Committee concerning independence, and discussed with the with the independent accountant the independent accountant’s independence. Based on the reviews and discussions referred to above, the Audit Committee unanimously approved the inclusion of the audited consolidated financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

The Audit Committee also met on a quarterly basis with the auditors during 2022 to review and discuss our consolidated financial statements for the quarter and the adequacy of internal control over financial reporting.

The Audit Committee: Andrew J. Last (Chair), Jennifer Levin Carter and Alfred D. Kingsley.

Nomination of Candidates for Election as Directors

Nominating/ Corporate Governance Committee and Nominating Policies and Procedures

The current members of the Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee are John Peter Gutfreund (Chair), Alfred Kingsley and Louis E. Silverman. Each of Andrew J. Last and Melinda Griffith served as Chair of the Nominating Committee during portions of 2022. Andrew Arno served as a member of the Nominating Committee during 2022, and Cavan Redmond served as a member of the Nominating Committee during a portion of 2022. The Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee held three meetings during 2022.

The purpose of the Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee is to recommend toauthorizing the Board of Directors individuals qualified to servefile only one such amendment, as directors and on committees ofdetermined by the Board andof Directors in the manner described herein. The Board of Directors at its discretion may also elect not to make recommendations to the Board on issues and proposals regarding corporate governance matters. The Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee also oversees compliance with, and all requests for waivers of, our Code of Ethics, and under our Interested Persons Transaction Policy reviews for approval transactions between us and our executive officers, directors, and shareholders who beneficially own 5% or more of our outstanding shares of common stock.

The Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee will consider nominees for election as directors proposed by shareholders, provided that they notify the Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee of the nomination in proper written form, either by personal delivery or by United States registered mail, to our corporate Secretary at our principal executive offices no earlier than the close of business on the 120th calendar day and no later than the close of business on the 90th calendar day prior to the anniversary date of the immediately preceding annual meeting of shareholders. If the current year’s annual meeting is called for a date that is more than 30 days before or more than 60 days after the anniversary of the immediately preceding annual meeting of shareholders, notice must be received not later than the close of business on the 10th calendar day following the day on which we first make a public announcement of the date of the annual meeting of shareholders. To be in proper written form, the notice from a shareholder must include the information required by our bylaws. A copy of the Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee Charter has been posted on our internet website and can be found at www.Oncocyte.comimplement any reverse stock split.

 

The BoardIf approved by shareholders and the Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee have not set any specific minimum qualifications that a prospective nominee would need in order to be nominated to serve on thefollowing such approval our Board of Directors. Rather, in evaluating any new nominee or incumbent director, the Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee will consider whether the particular person has the knowledge, skills, experience, and expertise needed to manage our affairs in light of the skills, experience, and expertise of the other members of the Board asDirectors determines that effecting a whole. The Committee will also consider whether a nominee or incumbent director has any conflicts of interest with Oncocyte that might conflict with our Code of Ethics or that might otherwise interfere with their ability to perform their duties in a manner thatreverse stock split is in the best interestinterests of Oncocytethe Company and our shareholders, the reverse stock split will become effective upon filing one such amendment with the Secretary of State of the State of California. The amendment filed thereby will contain the number of shares of our Common Stock approved by the shareholders and selected by the Board of Directors within the limits set forth in this Proposal to be combined into one share. Only one such amendment will be filed, if at all, and the other amendments will be abandoned.

Although we presently intend to effect the reverse stock split to regain compliance with the Nasdaq Stock Market’s minimum bid price requirement, notwithstanding shareholder approval of the proposed amendment of the Articles of Incorporation at the Meeting, our Board of Directors may decide it is in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders. The Committee will also consider whether including a prospective director onshareholders to withhold approval of any amendments to the Board will result in a Board composition that complies with (a) applicable state corporate laws, (b) applicable federal and state securities laws, and (c)Articles of Incorporation without further action by the rulesshareholders before the amendment of the SEC and each stock exchange on which our shares are listed.

Articles of Incorporation is filed with the Secretary of State of the State of California. The Board of Directors andmay consider a variety of factors in determining whether or not to proceed with the Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee have not adopted specific policies with respect to a particular mix or diversity of skills, experience, expertise, perspectives, and background that nominees should have. However, the present Board was assembled with a focus on attaining a Board comprised of people with substantial experience in bioscience, the pharmaceutical or diagnostic industry, corporate management, and finance. The Board believes that this interdisciplinary approach will best suit our needs as we work to develop and commercialize diagnostic tests.

In evaluating the diversityproposed amendment of the directorsArticles of Incorporation, including overall trends in the stock market, recent changes and considering potential nominees,anticipated trends in the Board also considers any director diversity requirements for publicly traded companies under applicable federal and state laws and stock exchange rules. Nasdaq requires that its listed companies (i) annually disclose aggregated statistical information about the board’s voluntary self-identified gender and racial characteristics and LGBTQ+ status in substantially the format set forth in new Nasdaq Rule 5606 and (ii) either include on their board of directors, or publicly disclose why their board does not include, a certain number of “diverse” directors based upon the Company’s size. After the resignation of a director earlier this year, our Board of Directors presently includes one female member who is not standing for reelection, and no membersper share market price of our Board of Directors is a director from an underrepresented community. Our Board of Directors intends to cause us to comply withCommon Stock on the new Nasdaq diversity rulesStock Market, business developments, and any applicable California diversity requirements by adding qualified womenour actual and qualified persons from underrepresented communities to our Board of Directors.

DIRECTOR COMPENSATION

Directors and members of committees of our Board of Directors who are salaried employees of Oncocyte are entitled to receive compensation as employees but are not compensated for serving as directors or attending meetings of our Board of Directors or committees of our Board of Directors. All directors are entitled to reimbursements for their out-of-pocket expenses incurred in attending meetings of our Board of Directors or committees of our Board of Directors.

In 2022, non-employee directors, other than the Chairman of our Board of Directors, received an annual fee of $73,500 in cash for their service on our Board of Directors for the full year. Directors who served a partial year received a pro-rated fee based on their actual length of service. Our Chairman received an annual cash fee of $83,500 for his service as Chairman ofprojected financial performance. If the Board of Directors and for his service on our Board of Directors. In additionfails to cash fees, non-employee directors who were directors as of August 15, 2022, received options to purchase 45,000 shares of commonimplement a reverse stock under our 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (as amended, the “Incentive Plan”) and 10,000 restricted stock units under the Incentive Plan during 2022. Non-employee directors who joined our Board of Directors after August 15, 2022 received a pro-rated equity award.

Fees earned or paid in cash are paid in quarterly installments, and the stock options and restricted stock units will vest one year from the date of grant, subjectsplit prior to the non-employee director’s continued service as a director of Oncocyte or a subsidiary from the date of grant until the vesting date or, if earlier, until the next annual meeting of shareholders. The options will expire if not exercised ten years from the date of grant.

The following table summarizes certain information concerning the compensation paid during the past fiscal year to eachone-year anniversary of the persons who served as directors during the year ended December 31, 2022 and who were not our employees on the date the compensation was earned.

Name Fees Earned
Or Paid in
Cash
  Option
Awards(1)
  

Stock

Awards(1)

  Total 
Andrew Arno $80,011  $35,298  $9,700  $125,009 
Jennifer Levin Carter $73,500  $35,298  $9,700  $118,498 
Melinda Griffith(2) $73,500  $35,298  $9,700  $118,498 
Alfred D. Kingsley $73,500  $35,298  $9,700  $118,498 
Andrew J. Last $73,500  $35,298  $9,700  $118,498 
Cavan Redmond(3) $43,235  $-  $-  $43,235 
John Peter Gutfreund $31,357  $35,298  $9,700  $76,355 
Louis E. Silverman $6,391  $10,878  $27  $17,297 

(1)Options granted will vest and become exercisable one year from the date of grant, subject to the non-employee director’s continued service as a director of Oncocyte or a subsidiary from the date of grant until the vesting date or, if earlier, until the next annual meeting of shareholders, but must be reported here at the aggregate grant date fair value, as if all options were fully vested and exercisable at the date of grant. Values are computed in accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation. We used the Black-Scholes Pricing Model to compute option fair values based on applicable exercise and stock prices, an expected option term, volatility assumptions, and risk-free interest rates.
(2)Ms. Griffith resigned from our Board of Directors effective as of January 1, 2023.
(3)Mr. Redmond resigned from our Board of Directors effective July 15, 2022.
(4)Mr. Gutfreund joined our Board of Directors on July 28, 2022.
(5)Mr. Silverman joined our Board of Directors on November 30, 2022.

Stock awards consist entirely of restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and are valued in the table at the aggregate grant date fair value based on the closing price of Oncocyte common stock as quoted on the applicable trading market as if the stock awards were fully vested. Beginning on February 7, 2023, our common stock began trading on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “OCX.” Previously, our common stock traded under the same symbol on The Nasdaq Global Market since March 8, 2021, andMeeting, shareholder approval again would be required prior to that, on the NYSE American.

The following table summarizes the aggregate number of shares subject to outstanding equity awards held by our non-employee directors as of December 31, 2022:

Name Aggregate
Number of
RSU Awards
  Aggregate
Number of
Option Awards
 
Andrew Arno  10,000   293,520 
Jennifer Levin Carter  10,000   147,000 
Melinda Griffith(1)  10,000   192,000 
Alfred D. Kingsley  10,000   428,300 
Andrew J. Last  10,000   293,520 
Cavan Redmond  -   - 
John Peter Gutfreund  10,000   45,000 
Louis E. Silverman  6,220   27,987 

(1)Unvested equity awards held by Ms. Griffith as of her resignation date on January 1, 2023 were forfeited on that date.

Upon the election of the new slate of directors at the Meeting, non-employee directors will receive, in addition to cash fees, options to purchase 90,000 shares of commonimplementing any reverse stock under the Incentive Plan and 20,000 restricted stock units under the Incentive Plan. Our Chairman will receive options to purchase an additional 45,000 shares of common stock under the Incentive Plan and 10,000 additional restricted stock units under the Incentive Plan. Our Lead Independent Director will receive options to purchase an additional 22,500 shares of common stock under the Incentive Plan and 5,000 additional restricted stock units under the Incentive Plan. Following the Meeting, annual cash fees for non-employee directors for the ensuing year will remain unchanged from those of the prior year.

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

The following persons are our executive officers and hold the offices set forth opposite their names.

NameAgePosition
Joshua Riggs41President and Chief Executive Officer and Director
Anish John52Chief Financial Officer
James Liu28Controller and Principal Accounting Officer

Anish John, 52, was appointed Chief Financial Officer in August 2022, after serving as our Senior Vice President, Finance, and interim Chief Financial Officer from June 2022 to August 2022 and Vice President of Operations and Finance, Transplant Business Unit, from September 2021 to June 2022. He previously served as Senior Director, Financial Planning and Analysis for Foundation Medicine, Inc. (“Foundation Medicine”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Roche Holding, AG., from October 2019 to March 2021. Prior to joining Foundation Medicine, Mr. John served in the following various management roles at PerkinElmer, Inc.: Senior Director of Finance, Americas Diagnostics from August of 2017 to August of 2019, Director of Finance, Americas Diagnostics from September 2008 to July of 2017, and Senior Manager, Sales Operations and Finance North America from March of 2007 to August of 2008. Mr. John holds an MBA from Babson College, in Wellesley Massachusetts and a BBA in Finance from the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. Mr. John will be leaving the Company on June 15, 2023 to pursue other opportunities.

James Liu, 28, was appointed Controller and Principal Accounting Officer in September 2022 after serving as the Company’s Interim Controller from July 2022 to September 2022 and Manager of Securities and Exchange Commission Reporting & Compliance from July 2021 to July 2022. Prior to that, Mr. Liu was the Accounting Manager of Acacia Research Corporation from November 2020 to July 2021, and Senior Accountant at Gatekeeper Systems, Inc. (“Gatekeeper Systems”) from August 2019 to November 2020. Prior to joining Gatekeeper Systems, Mr. Liu served as Senior Assurance Associate at BDO USA, LLP from October 2016 to August 2019. Mr. Liu holds a BASc degree from the University of California, San Diego, and is a Certified Public Accountant.split.

 

17
 

 

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATIONBackground and Reasons for the Reverse Stock Split

 

Smaller Reporting CompanyOur primary objective in effectuating the reverse stock split would be to attempt to raise the per share trading price of our Common Stock in an effort to continue our listing on the Nasdaq Stock Market. To maintain listing, the Nasdaq Stock Market requires, among other things, that our Common Stock maintain a minimum bid price of $1.00 per share.

Our Board of Directors is seeking approval for the authority to effectuate the reverse stock split as a means of increasing the share price of our Common Stock at or above $1.00 per share in order to avoid delisting by the Nasdaq Stock Market. We expect that the reverse stock split will increase the price per share of our Common Stock above the $1.00 per share minimum bid price, thereby satisfying this listing requirement. However, there can be no assurance that the reverse stock split will have that effect, initially or in the future, or that it will enable us to maintain the listing of our Common Stock on the Nasdaq Stock Market.

In addition, we believe that the low per share market price of our Common Stock impairs its marketability to and acceptance by institutional investors and other members of the investing public and creates a negative impression of the Company. Theoretically, decreasing the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding should not, by itself, affect the marketability of the shares, the type of investor who would be interested in acquiring them, or our reputation in the financial community. In practice, however, many investors, brokerage firms and market makers consider low-priced stocks as unduly speculative in nature and, as a matter of policy, avoid investment and trading in such stocks. Moreover, the analysts at many brokerage firms do not monitor the trading activity or otherwise provide coverage of lower priced stocks. The presence of these factors may be adversely affecting, and may continue to adversely affect, not only the pricing of our Common Stock but also its trading liquidity. In addition, these factors may affect our ability to raise additional capital through the sale of stock.

We further believe that a higher stock price could help us attract and retain employees and other service providers. We believe that some potential employees and service providers are less likely to work for a company with a low stock price, regardless of the size of the company’s market capitalization. If the reverse stock split successfully increases the per share price of our Common Stock, we believe this increase will enhance our ability to attract and retain employees and service providers.

We hope that the decrease in the number of shares of our outstanding Common Stock as a consequence of the reverse stock split, and the anticipated increase in the price per share, will encourage greater interest in our Common Stock by the financial community and the investing public, help us attract and retain employees and other service providers, help us raise additional capital through the sale of stock in the future if needed, and possibly promote greater liquidity for our shareholders with respect to those shares presently held by them. However, the possibility also exists that liquidity may be adversely affected by the reduced number of shares which would be outstanding if the reverse stock split is effected, particularly if the price per share of our Common Stock begins a declining trend after the reverse stock split is effected.

There can be no assurance that the reverse stock split will achieve any of the desired results. There also can be no assurance that the price per share of our Common Stock immediately after the reverse stock split will increase proportionately with the reverse stock split, or that any increase will be sustained for any period of time.

If shareholders do not approve this Proposal and our stock price does not otherwise increase to greater than $1.00 per share for at least 10 consecutive trading days before our period to regain compliance lapses, we expect our Common Stock to be subject to a delisting action by Nasdaq. We believe the reverse stock split is the most likely way to assist the stock price in reaching the minimum bid price level required by Nasdaq, although effecting the reverse stock split cannot guarantee that we will be in compliance with the minimum bid price requirement even for the minimum 10-day trading period required by Nasdaq. Furthermore, the reverse stock split cannot guarantee we will maintain compliance with other continued listing criteria required by Nasdaq.

If our Common Stock were delisted from the Nasdaq Stock Market, trading of our Common Stock would thereafter be conducted on the OTC Bulletin Board or the “pink sheets”. As a result, an investor may find it more difficult to dispose of, or to obtain accurate quotations as to the price of, our Common Stock. To relist shares of our Common Stock on the Nasdaq Stock Market, we would be required to meet the initial listing requirements, which are more stringent than the maintenance requirements.

In addition, if our Common Stock were delisted from the Nasdaq Stock Market and the price of our Common Stock were below $5.00 at such time, such stock would come within the definition of “penny stock” as defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended and would be covered by Rule 15g-9 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. That rule imposes additional sales practice requirements on broker-dealers who sell such securities to persons other than established customers and accredited investors (generally institutions with assets in excess of $5 million or individuals with net worth in excess of $1 million or annual income exceeding $200,000 or $300,000 jointly with their spouse). For transactions covered by Rule 15g-9, the broker-dealer must make a special suitability determination for the purchaser and receive the purchaser’s written agreement to the transaction prior to the sale. These additional sales practice restrictions will make trading in our Common Stock more difficult and the market less efficient.

 

We are a “smaller reporting company” as defined innot aware of any present efforts by anyone to accumulate our Common Stock, and the rules and regulations of the SEC. As a smaller reporting company we may take advantage of specified reduced disclosure and other requirements that are otherwise applicable, in general,proposed reverse stock split is not intended to public companies that are not smaller reporting companies. Accordingly, this Report includes reduced disclosure about our executive compensation arrangements.be an anti-takeover device.

 

Summary Compensation TableThe Reverse Stock Split May Not Result in an Increase in the Per Share Price of Our Common Stock; There Are Other Risks Associated with the Reverse Stock Split

 

We cannot predict whether the reverse stock split will increase the market price for our Common Stock. The following tables show certain information relating to the compensationhistory of our President and Chief Executive Officer and the two highest paid individuals other than our President and Chief Executive Officer who were serving as executive officers at year end and whose total individual compensation exceeded $100,000 during 2022. We refer to such executive officers as our “Named Executive Officers”.similar stock split combinations for companies in like circumstances is varied. There is no assurance that:

Name and principal position Year Salary  Bonus  

Stock

Awards(1)

  Option
Awards(1)
  All Other
Compensation(2)
  Total 
Ronald Andrews 2022 $459,692  $  $493,125(4) $745,933(5) $653,845  $2,352,595 
Former President and Chief Executive Officer(3) 2021 $480,000  $297,600  $  $2,120,000(6) $24,238  $2,921,838 
                           
Gisela Paulsen 2022 $356,426  $  $509,250(8) $233,738(9) $241,712  $1,341,125 
Former President and Chief Operating Officer(7)                   
                           
Douglas Ross 2022 $359,135  $  $201,750(11) $186,990(12) $400,775  $1,148,649 
Former Chief Science Officer(10) 2021 $375,000  $165,750  $  $1,081,200(13) $18,187  $1,640,137 
                           
Joshua Riggs 2022 $242,028  $94,801(15) $  $140,913(16) $36,368  $514,110 
President and Chief Executive Officer(14)                   
                           
Anish John 2022 $285,962  $98,835(18) $145,500(19) $189,606(20) $18,259  $738,162 
Chief Financial Officer(17)                   
                           
James Liu 2022 $146,305  $36,330  $  $67,252(22) $9,849  $259,736 
Controller and Principal Accounting Officer(21)                   

 

(1)

Option awards granted under our 2010 Employee Stock Option Plan (the “Option Plan”)

the market price per share will either exceed or under our Incentive Plan are valued at the aggregate grant date fair value, as if all options were fully vested and exercisable at the date of grant. Amounts shownremain in this column do not reflect dollar amounts actually received by our Named Executive Officers. Instead, these amounts reflect the aggregate grant date fair value of each stock option granted, computed in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 718. For stock options that have performance-based (sometimes referred to as milestone-based) vesting conditions, compensation is shown in the tables in the same manner as Oncocyte recorded stock-based compensation expense for the grant on the basisexcess of the estimated probability that the vesting condition will be met or the determination that the condition has been met. We used the Black-Scholes Pricing Model to compute option fair values based on applicable exercise and stock prices, an expected option term, volatility assumptions, and risk-free interest rates. Our Named Executive Officers will only realize compensation upon exercise of the stock options and to the extent the trading$1.00 minimum bid price of our common stock is greater than the exercise price of such stock options at the time of exercise.

Time-based stock awards consist entirely of restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and are valued in the table at the aggregate grant date fair value based on the closing price of Oncocyte common stock as quoted on the applicable trading market as if the stock awards were fully vested. Beginning on February 7, 2023, our common stock began trading onrequired by the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “OCX.” Previously, our common stock traded under the same symbol on The Nasdaq Global Market since March 8, 2021, and prior to that, on the NYSE American. For stock awards that have performance-based (sometimes referred to as milestone-based) vesting conditions, compensation is shown in the tables in the same manner as Oncocyte recorded stock-based compensation expense for the grant on the basis of the estimated probability that the vesting condition will be met or the determination that the condition has been met. The fair value of the stock awards was measured using Black-Scholes option-pricing model assuming that performance goals will be achieved for the performance-based stock awards, and the Monte Carlo simulation model for the market-based vesting conditions.

For a full discussion of Oncocyte’s accounting of stock-based compensation under ASC 718, please refer to Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements found in our Original Report.

(2)Other compensation consists primarily of employer contributions to employee accounts under our 401(k) plan and severance payments to each of Mr. Andrews, Ms. Paulsen and Dr. Ross. See Executive Employment Agreements, Deferral Agreements, and Change of Control Provisions – Separation Payments for more information.Stock Market;
 
(3)Mr. Andrews ceased serving as Oncocyte’s President and Chief Executive Officer effective December 1, 2022.we will otherwise continue to meet the requirements of the Nasdaq Stock Market for continued listing;
 
(4)In March 2022, Mr. Andrews was granted 875,000the market price per share after the reverse stock options exercisable at an exercise pricesplit will rise in proportion to the reduction in the number of $1.15 per share. In December 2022, Mr. Andrews was granted 50,000shares outstanding before the reverse stock options exercisable at an exercise price of $0.46 per share. A portion of Mr. Andrews’ stock options was accelerated as of his departure date in December 2022. See Executive Employment Agreements, Deferral Agreements, and Change of Control Provisions – Separation Payments – Separation Payments to Mr. Andrews for more information.split;
 
(5)In March 2022, Mr. Andrews was granted 535,000 RSUs. A portion of Mr. Andrews’ RSUs was accelerated as of his departure datethe reverse stock split will result in December 2022. See Executive Employment Agreements, Deferral Agreements,a per share price that will attract brokers and Change of Control Provisions – Separation Payments – Separation Payments to Mr. Andrews for more information.investors who do not trade in lower priced stocks; or
 
(6)In February 2021, Mr. Andrews was granted 500,000the reverse stock options exercisable at an exercise price of $5.34 per share. A portion of Mr. Andrews’ stock options was accelerated as of his departure datesplit will result in December 2022. See Executive Employment Agreements, Deferral Agreements, and Change of Control Provisions – Separation Payments – Separation Payments to Mr. Andrews for more information.
(7)Ms. Paulsen was not a Named Executive Officer in 2021. In December 2022, Ms. Paulsen ceased serving as Oncocyte’s President and Chief Operating Officer effective December 16, 2022.
(8)In August 2022, Ms. Paulsen was granted 525,000 RSUs. A portion of Ms. Paulsen’s RSUs was accelerated as of her departure date in December 2022. See Executive Employment Agreements, Deferral Agreements, and Change of Control Provisions – Separation Payments – Separation Payments to Ms. Paulsen for more information.
(9)In March 2022, Ms. Paulsen was granted 250,000 stock options exercisable at an exercise price of $1.15 per share. A portion of Ms. Paulsen’s stock options was accelerated as of her departure date in December 2022. See Executive Employment Agreements, Deferral Agreements, and Change of Control Provisions – Separation Payments – Separation Payments to Ms. Paulsen for more information.
(10)  In December 2022, Dr. Ross ceased serving as Oncocyte’s Chief Science Officer effective December 16, 2022.
(11)In August 2022, Dr. Ross was granted 150,000 RSUs, and in December 2022, Mr. Ross was granted 213,797 RSUs.

(12)   In March 2022, Dr. Ross was granted 200,000 stock options exercisable at an exercise price of $1.15 per share.
(13)In February 2021, Dr. Ross was granted 255,000 stock options exercisable at an exercise price of $5.34 per share.
(14)In December 2022, Mr. Riggs was appointed Interim President and Chief Executive Officer and was later appointed President and Chief Executive Officer in February 2023. Mr. Riggs was not a Named Executive Officer in 2021.
(15)Includes $56,880 in cash and 116,426 stock options exercisable at an exercise price of $0.39 per share
(16)In March 2022, Mr. Riggs was granted 30,000 stock options exercisable at an exercise price of $1.39 per share. In May 2022, Mr. Riggs was granted 10,000 stock options exercisable at an exercise price of $1.17 per share. In December 2022, Mr. Riggs was granted 250,000 stock options exercisable at an exercise price of $0.46 per share.
(17)Mr. John was appointed Senior Vice President, Finance,that will increase our ability to attract and Interim Chief Financial Officer in June 2022retain employees and Chief Financial Officer in August 2022.
(18)Includes $59,301 in cash and 121,381 stock options exercisable at an exercise price of $0.39 per share.
(19)In August 2022, Mr. John was granted 150,000 RSUs.
(20)In March 2022, Mr. John was granted 75,000 stock options exercisable at an exercise price of $1.15 per share. In June 2022, Mr. John was granted 50,000 stock options exercisable at an exercise price of $0.99 per share. In August 2022, Mr. John was granted 100,000 stock options exercisable at an exercise price of $0.97 per share.
(21)Mr. Liu was appointed Controller & Principal Accounting Officer in September 2022.
(22)In March 2022, Mr. Liu was granted 10,000 stock options exercisable at an exercise price of $1.15 per share and 2,260 stock options exercisable for $1.39 per share. In September 2022, Mr. Liu was granted 75,000 stock options exercisable at an exercise price of $0.887 per share.other service providers.

 

If the reverse stock split is effected and the market price of our Common Stock declines, the percentage decline as an absolute number and as a percentage of our overall market capitalization may be greater than would occur in the absence of a reverse stock split. In some cases, the total market value of a company following a reverse stock split is lower, and may be substantially lower, than the total market value before the reverse stock split. In addition, the fewer number of shares that will be available to trade could possibly cause the trading market of our Common Stock to become less liquid, which could have an adverse effect on the price of our Common Stock. The market price of our Common Stock is based on our performance and other factors, including trading dynamics and substantial volatility, which are likely unrelated to the number of our shares outstanding. In addition, there can be no assurance that the reverse stock split will result in a per share price that will attract brokers and investors who do not trade in lower priced stock.

Pay-Versus-PerformancePrincipal Effects of Reverse Stock Split on Market for Common Stock

 

This section provides information aboutOn June 28, 2023, the relationship between executive compensation “actually paid”closing bid price for our Common Stock on the Nasdaq Stock Market was $0.211 per share. By decreasing the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding without altering the aggregate economic interest represented by the shares, we believe the market price will be increased. The greater the market price rises above $1.00 per share, the less risk there will be that we will fail to meet the requirements for maintaining the listing of our Chief Executive Officer and other named executive officers and certain financial performance measuresCommon Stock on the Nasdaq Stock Market. However, there can be no assurance that the market price of the Company in accordance with Item 402(v)Common Stock will rise to or maintain any particular level or that we will at all times be able to meet the requirements for maintaining the listing of Regulation S-K. In determiningour Common Stock on the compensation “actually paid,” we are required to make various adjustments to amounts previously reported in the Summary Compensation Table to reflect different valuation methods prescribed by the SEC between this section and the disclosure in the Summary Compensation Table.

                          
   Current CEO Pay(1)  Former CEO Pay(1)  Other NEO Pay(1)  Value of Initial Fixed $100 Investment Based On:    
Year  Summary compensation table total for Current CEO(2)  Compensation actually paid to Current CEO(3)  Summary compensation table total for Former CEO(2)  Compensation actually paid to Former CEO(3)  Average summary compensation table total for non-PEO named executive officers(2)  Average compensation actually paid to non-PEO named executive officers(3)  Total shareholder return(4)  Net (Loss)(5) 
2022  $514,110  $204,901  $2,352,595  $325,333  $871,918  $250,704  $13.43  $(72,902)
2021        $2,921,838  $2,343,798  $1,601,026  $1,211,938  $90.79  $(64,097)

(1)Ronald Andrews was our Chief Executive Officer in 2021 and a portion of 2022 (our “Former CEO”). On December 1, 2022, Joshua Riggs succeeded Mr. Andrews as our Interim Chief Executive Officer and was later appointed President and Chief Executive Officer in February 2023 (our “Current CEO”). Our named executive officers other than our Chief Executive Officer (our “Other NEOs”) in 2022 were Gisela Paulsen and Douglas Ross and in 2021 were Mitchell Levine and Douglas Ross.
(2)Reflects, for each of our Current CEO and our Former CEO, the total compensation reported in the Summary Compensation Table and for the Other NEOs, the average total compensation reported in the Summary Compensation Table in each of fiscal years indicated.
(3)Represents the compensation actually paid to each of our Current CEO and Former CEO and the average compensation actually paid to our Other NEOs in each of the fiscal years indicated as computed in accordance with Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K, as set forth below:

Compensation actually paid to CEO and average compensation actually paid to Other NEOs 
   As Reported in Summary Compensation Table(a)  Equity Award Adjustments 
Year  Total  Deduct Stock Awards  Deduct Option Awards  Add Fair Value as of Year End of Awards Granted During Year that Remain Outstanding and Unvested as of Year End(b)  Add Year over Year Change in Fair Value of Awards Granted in Prior Year that Remain Outstanding and Unvested as of Year End(c)  Add Fair Value as of Vesting Date of Awards Granted During Year that Vested During Year(d)  Add Year over Year Change in Fair Value of Awards Granted in Prior Year that Vest During Year(e)  

Subtract Fair Value at the End of the Prior Year of Equity Awards that Failed to Meet Vesting Conditions in the Year(f)

  Compensation “Actually Paid”(g) 
               Current CEO              
2022  $514,110     $(140,913) $71,818  $(169,628)    $(70,486)    $204,900 
2021                            
               Former CEO                 
2022  $2,352,595  $(493,125) $(745,933)    $(662,709) $290,597  $(416,093)    $325,333 
2021  $2,921,838     $(2,120,000) $746,647  $(86,383)    $881,696     $2,343,798 
               Other NEOs                 
2022  $871,918  $(214,125) $(169,396) $29,100  $(120,255) $43,427  $(189,964)    $250,704 
2021  $1,601,026     $(1,081,200) $380,790  $(45,736)    $357,058     $1,211,938 

(a)Reflects, for each our Current CEO and Former CEO, the applicable amounts reported in the Summary Compensation Table and for the Other NEOs, the average of the applicable amounts reported in the Summary Compensation Table in each of the fiscal years indicated.
(b)Reflects either (i) the fair value, with respect to each of our Current CEO and Former CEO, or (ii) the average of the fair value, with respect to the Other NEOs, in each case as of December 31 of the covered fiscal year of awards granted in the covered fiscal year that remained outstanding and unvested (in whole or in part) as of the end of the covered fiscal year.
(c)Reflects either (i) the change in fair value, with respect to each of our Current CEO and Former CEO, or (ii) the average of the change in fair value, with respect to the Other NEOs, in each case from December 31 of the prior fiscal year to December 31 of the covered fiscal year of awards granted in a prior fiscal year that remained outstanding and unvested (in whole or in part) as of the end of the covered fiscal year.
(d)Reflects either (i) the fair value, with respect to each of our Current CEO and Former CEO, or (ii) the average of the fair value, with respect to the Other NEOs, in each case, as of the day awards became vested in the covered fiscal year, when such awards were also granted in the covered fiscal year.

(e)Reflects either (i) the change in fair value, with respect to each of our Current CEO and Former CEO, or (ii) the average of the change in fair value, with respect to the Other NEOs, in each case from December 31 of the prior fiscal year to the day awards became vested in the covered fiscal year, when such awards were granted in a prior fiscal year.
(f)Reflects either (i) the fair value, with respect to each of our Current CEO and Former CEO, or (ii) the average of the fair value, with respect to the Other NEOs, in each case as of December 31 of the covered fiscal year of awards granted in the covered fiscal year that failed to meet the applicable vesting conditions during the covered fiscal year.
(g)Reflects, for each of our Current CEO and our Former CEO, the total compensation actually paid and for the Other NEOs, the average total compensation actually paid in each of fiscal years indicated.

(4)For each covered fiscal year, represents the cumulative total stockholder return on an initial fixed $100 investment in our common stock (NASDAQ: OCX) from December 31, 2020 through December 31 of each covered fiscal year 2021 and 2022 (each such period referred to herein as a measurement period). The cumulative total stockholder return on each series of our common stock is calculated by dividing (a) the sum of (i) the cumulative amount of dividends (assuming dividend reinvestment) over the applicable measurement period and (ii) the difference between (A) the share price on December 31 of the covered fiscal year and (B) the share price on December 31, 2020, and (b) the share price on December 31, 2020.
(5)Represents the amount of net loss reflected in our consolidated financial statements for each covered fiscal year.

Relationship Between Compensation Actually Paid and Net Loss

Because the Company is an early-stage company, we have had limited revenue during the periods presented, and have incurred operating losses since inception. Consequently, we do not believe there is any meaningful relationship between our net loss and compensation actually paid to our NEOs during the periods presented.

Relationship Between Compensation Actually Paid and Cumulative TSR

 Nasdaq Stock Market.

 

23
 

 

Executive Employment Agreements, Deferral Agreements, and ChangePrincipal Effects of Control ProvisionsReverse Stock Split on Common Stock; No Fractional Shares

 

Employment AgreementsIf shareholders approve granting the Board of Directors the authority to exercise its discretion to amend our Articles of Incorporation to effect a reverse stock split, and Arrangements

Joshua Riggs

We have entered into an employment agreement with our current Presidentif the Board of Directors decides to effectuate such amendment and Chief Executive Officer Joshua Riggs. We also previously entered into an employment agreementreverse stock split, the principal effect of the reverse stock split will be to reduce the number of issued and subsequently a separation agreement with eachoutstanding shares of our former President and Chief Executive Officer Ronald Andrews and our former Chief Scientific Officer Douglas Ross.

On December 2, 2022, we entered intoCommon Stock, in accordance with an employment agreement with Mr. Riggs. Pursuant to his employment agreement,exchange ratio approved by the annual salary of Mr. Riggs was set at $300,000. Mr. Riggs is also eligible to receive an annual bonus, with a target bonus opportunity equal to 50% of base salary. Mr. Riggs’ bonus for 2022, was subject to the achievement of the parameters and objectives used to determine the amount of the annual bonus immediately prior to December 2, 2022, assessedshareholders and determined by the Board or Compensation Committee. Mr. Riggs’ bonus, if any, for 2023,of Directors as set forth in this Proposal, from approximately 164,821,077 shares of Common Stock to between and including approximately 16,482,108 and 6,592,843 shares, depending on which reverse stock ratio is effectuated by the Board of Directors and based upon the number of shares outstanding at the time such reverse stock split is effectuated. The reverse stock split will not affect the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. The total number of shares of Common Stock each shareholder holds will be based on and subjectreclassified automatically into the number of shares of Common Stock equal to the achievementnumber of Company and/or individual performance objectives established (in consultation with Mr. Riggs),shares of Common Stock each shareholder held immediately before the reverse stock split divided by the exchange ratio approved assessedby the shareholders and determined by the Board (orof Directors as set forth in this Proposal.

If the number of shares of Common Stock a committee thereof).shareholder holds is not evenly divisible by such exchange ratio, that shareholder will not receive a fractional share but instead will receive, upon surrender of stock certificates representing such shares of Common Stock, cash in an amount equal to the fraction of a share that shareholder otherwise would have been entitled to receive multiplied by the last sale price (as adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split) of the Common Stock as last reported on the Nasdaq Stock Market on the trading day before the reverse stock split takes effect. The employment agreement hasownership of a one-year term (the “Term”), unless terminated earlier. Afterfractional interest will not give the Term, Mr. Riggs’ employment withholder thereof any voting, dividend or other rights except to receive payment therefor as described herein. Shareholders should be aware that, under the Companyescheat laws of the various jurisdictions where shareholders reside, where we are domiciled and where the funds will be considered “at-will”.deposited, sums due for fractional interests that are not timely claimed after the effective time may be required to be paid to the designated agent for each such jurisdiction. Thereafter, shareholders otherwise entitled to receive such funds may have to seek to obtain them directly from the state to which they were paid.

 

PursuantThe reverse stock split will affect all of our shareholders uniformly and will not affect any shareholder’s percentage ownership interests, except to his employment agreement, Mr. Riggs receivedthe extent that the reverse stock split results in any shareholders owning a one-time equity grantfractional share. As described above, shareholders holding fractional shares will be entitled to cash payments in lieu of such fractional shares. Such cash payments will reduce the number of post-split shareholders to the extent there are shareholders presently holding fewer shares than between and including ten and twenty-five shares, depending on the exchange ratio selected by the Board of Directors. This, however, is not the purpose for which we are proposing to effect the reverse stock split and we are not aware that cashing out fractional shares would result in the cancellation of more than ten percent of the outstanding shares of Common Stock. Common stock issued pursuant to the reverse stock split will remain fully paid and non-assessable. We will continue to be subject to the periodic reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Principal Effects of Reverse Stock Split on Outstanding Options and Warrants

As of the record date, we had outstanding (i) stock options to purchase 250,000an aggregate of 9,127,843 shares of the Company’s common stock, issued in accordanceCommon Stock with the Plan, which will vest one year later, subject to Mr. Riggs’ continued compliance with any restrictive covenants by which he may be bound and continued employment with the Company through such date. Thea weighted average exercise price of $2.03 per share under our Incentive Plan and our 2010 Stock Option Plan, (ii) share-based payment awards under our Incentive Plan, and (iii) outstanding warrants to purchase 16,395,343 shares of Common Stock exercisable at prices ranging from $1.53 to $5.46 per share. When the reverse stock options wassplit becomes effective, the fair market valuenumber of a shareshares of Oncocyte common stock onCommon Stock covered by each of the date of grant, determined in accordance with the Incentive Plan.

In the event Mr. Riggs’ employment is terminated during the Term by the Company without Cause (excluding due to death or disability) or by Mr. Riggs for Good Reason (as each such term is defined in Mr. Riggs’ CIC Agreement (as defined below) in addition to any benefits provided pursuant to Mr. Riggs’ CIC Agreement, subject to the execution of a release of claims and Mr. Riggs’ continued compliance with any restrictive covenants by which he may be bound, Mr. Riggsforegoing securities will be entitledreduced to receive a pro-rated annual bonus for between and including one-tenth and one-twenty-fifth the yearnumber currently covered and the exercise price per share will be increased by between and including ten and twenty-five times the current exercise price, resulting in the same aggregate price being required to be paid upon exercise of termination (the “Pro-Rated Bonus”).such securities as was required immediately preceding the reverse stock split.

 

Ronald AndrewsPrincipal Effects of Reverse Stock Split on Equity Incentive Plans

 

During 2022,As of the annual salaryrecord date, we had 21,000,000 shares of Common Stock reserved under our Incentive Plan. Pursuant to the terms of our former President and Chief Executive Officer Ronald Andrews, was $500,000. Pursuant to his employment agreement, dated June 4, 2019, Mr. Andrews was also eligible to receive annual bonuses, toIncentive Plan, the extent approved by the BoardCompensation Committee of Directors in its discretion, based on the achievement of predetermined company and individual objectives set by our Board of Directors or its Compensation Committee from time to time.

Pursuant to his employment agreement, Mr. Andrews received(our “Compensation Committee”) will reduce the following equity awards under the Incentive Plan: (i) options to purchase 950,000number of shares of Oncocyte common stock effective onCommon Stock reserved under our Incentive Plan to between and including one-tenth and one-twenty-fifth of the date his employment commenced (the “Initial Grant”); (ii) optionsnumber of shares currently included in such plan. Furthermore, the number of shares available for future grant under our Incentive Plan will be similarly adjusted. Because our 2010 Stock Option Plan was replaced by our Incentive Plan, no action will need to purchase 50,000 shares of common stock, effective on upon his completion of one year of continuous service as an employee (the “Second Grant”); and (iii) RSUsbe taken with respect to 65,000 shares of common stock, effective upon his completion of one year of continuous service as an employee. The exercise price of the options inshare reserve under the Initial Grant and Second Grant was the fair market value of a share of Oncocyte common stock on the applicable effective date of grant, determined in accordance with the Incentive2010 Stock Option Plan.

The vesting schedule of the options in the Initial Grant pursuant to which the options became or were to become exercisable was as follows: twenty-five percent of the options vested upon Mr. Andrew’s completion of one year of continuous service as an employee, and the balance of the options began to vest in 36 equal monthly installments, commencing on the first anniversary of the effective date of the Initial Grant, subject to his continued service as an employee on the applicable vesting date.

The options in the Second Grant vested upon Mr. Andrew’s completion of one year of continuous service as an employee from the effective date of the Second Grant. The 65,000 RSUs vested on July 1, 2021.

Douglas Ross

 

During 2022, the annual salary of Douglas Ross, our Chief Scientific Officer, was $375,000. Pursuant to his employment agreement, dated March 23, 2020, he is eligible to receive annual cash incentive bonus awards determined by our Board of Directors, with a target bonus of not less than 50% of his base salary, based on the achievement of specific, objectively determinable, individual and company performance goals at target levels for the year.

Gisela Paulsen

During 2022, the annual salary of Ms. Paulsen, our former President and Chief Operating Officer was $390,000 prior to August 8, 2022 and $415,000 after August 8, 2022. Ms. Paulsen was eligible to receive discretionary annual bonuses based on achievement of personal and corporate performance goals established by our Board of Directors, with a target bonus equal to 60% of her annual base salary.

Anish John

During 2022, the annual salary of Mr. John, our Chief Financial Officer was $250,000 prior to June 1, 2022, $275,000 between June 1, 2022 and August 8, 2022, and $330,000 after August 8, 2022. Mr. John is eligible to receive discretionary annual bonuses based on achievement of personal and corporate performance goals established by our Board of Directors, with a target bonus equal to 50% of his annual base salary.

James Liu

During 2022, the annual salary of Mr. Liu, our Controller & Principal Accounting Officer was $129,375 prior to July 4, 2022, $150,000 between July 4, 2022 and September 20, 2022 and $175,000 after September 20, 2022 . Mr. Liu is eligible to receive discretionary annual bonuses based on achievement of personal and corporate performance goals established by our Board of Directors, with a target bonus equal to 30% of his annual base salary.

Change in Control and Severance Plan

We have adopted the Oncocyte Corporation Change in Control and Severance Plan (the “CIC Plan”) which provides change in control and other severance benefits, with varying terms, to a select group of our management or highly compensated employees, including certain of our executive officers, who have executed a Change in Control and Severance Agreement (“CIC Agreement”) and who otherwise satisfy the conditions set forth in their CIC Agreement and the provisions of the CIC Plan. Pursuant to the CIC Plan, we have entered into a CIC Agreement with each of our President and Chief Executive Officer Joshua Riggs and our Chief Financial Officer Anish John.

Pursuant to his CIC Agreement, if Mr. Riggs’ employment is terminated for any reason, he will be entitled to receive: (i) payment for all accrued but unpaid salary or bonuses actually earned, (ii) vacation or paid time off accrued, (iii) business expenses incurred in accordance with the Company’s expense reimbursement policy and (iv) any other unpaid amounts arising under any employee benefit plans payable as of the date of termination of his employment (the “Accrued Obligations”). If the Company terminates Mr. Riggs’ employment without Cause or he resigns for Good Reason (each as defined in the CIC Agreement) at any time, subject to the execution of a release and certain other conditions, in addition to the Accrued Obligations and Pro-Rated Bonus pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Employment Agreement, he will be entitled to receive: (i) six months base salary, (ii) a lump sum payment up to six months, the specific number of months to be determined by the Company in its discretion, of the premium costs of any health insurance benefits that he was receiving at the time of termination of his employment under an employee health insurance plan subject to the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985, and (iii) his unvested equity awards that were scheduled to vest based on the passage of time during the twelve months following the date of termination of his employment shall vest. If the Company terminates Ms. Riggs’ employment without Cause or if he resigns for Good Reason within three months prior to or twelve months following a Change of Control (as defined in the CIC Agreement), he will be entitled to the benefits that apply for termination without Cause or resignation for Good Reason, except that he will receive an additional payment of six months of his target cash bonus, and all of his unvested equity awards will vest rather than just those that would were scheduled to vest during the twelve months following termination of his employment. 

Pursuant to his CIC Agreement, if Mr. John’s employment is terminated without Cause or he resigns for Good Reason (each as defined in the CIC Agreement) at any time, subject to the execution of a release and certain other conditions, he will be entitled to receive: (i) twelve months base salary, (ii) a lump sum payment of twelve months of the premium costs of any health insurance benefits that he was receiving at the time of termination of his employment under an employee health insurance plan subject to the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985, and (iii) his unvested equity awards that were scheduled to vest based on the passage of time during the twelve months following the date of termination of his employment shall vest. If the Company terminates Mr. John’s employment without Cause or if he resigns for Good Reason within three months prior to or twelve months following a Change of Control (as defined in the CIC Agreement), he will be entitled to the benefits that apply for termination without Cause or resignation for Good Reason, except that he will receive an additional payment of twelve months of his target cash bonus, and all of his unvested equity awards will vest rather than just those that would were scheduled to vest during the twelve months following termination of his employment.

Separation Payments

Separation Payments to Mr. Andrews

In connection with Mr. Andrews’ departure, the Company and Mr. Andrews entered into a separation agreement and general release of all claims, dated December 1, 2022 (the “Andrews Separation Agreement”). The Andrews Separation Agreement provided that Mr. Andrews will receive benefits, consisting of: (i) a cash severance amount of $500,000, which is payable over twelve (12) months in substantially equal installments following December 1, 2022 (the “Andrews Effective Date”), (ii) a payment of twelve (12) months of premium costs of group health plan continuation coverage in the total amount of $40,128, which is payable in a lump sum payment on the thirtieth day following the Andrews Effective Date, (iii) accelerated vesting of Mr. Andrews’ unvested time-based stock options and restricted stock unit awards that were scheduled to vest based solely on the passage of time during the twelve (12) month period following the Andrews Effective Date, and (iv) accelerated vesting of 481,250 performance-based stock options and 250,000 performance-based restricted stock units.

In addition, to ensure a smooth transition, the Company and Mr. Andrews entered into a consulting agreement, dated as of December 1, 2022 (the “Andrews Consulting Agreement”), pursuant to which Mr. Andrews provided non-employee consulting and advisory services to the Company, on a non-exclusive basis, from December 2, 2022 until February 28, 2023. Pursuant to the Andrews Consulting Agreement, Mr. Andrews received a grant of stock options to purchase 50,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, issued in accordance with the Incentive Plan, which options vested in three equal monthly installments over the consulting term.

Separation Payments to Ms. Paulsen

In connection with Ms. Paulsen’s departure, the Company and Ms. Paulsen entered into a separation agreement and general release of all claims dated December 16, 2022 (the “Paulsen Separation Agreement”). The Paulsen Separation Agreement provides that Ms. Paulsen will receive benefits consisting of: (i) a cash severance amount of $207,500.02, which is payable over six (6) months in substantially equal installments following December 16, 2022 (the “Paulsen Effective Date”), (iii) accelerated vesting of Ms. Paulsen’s unvested time-based stock options and restricted stock unit awards that were scheduled to vest based solely on the passage of time during the twelve (12) month period following the Paulsen Effective Date, (iv) accelerated vesting of 175,000 performance-based restricted stock units, and (v) the extension of the deadline to exercise vested stock options to the earlier to occur of the one-year anniversary of the Paulsen Effective Date and on the maximum term under the applicable stock option award agreement.

Separation Payments to Dr. Ross

In connection with Dr. Ross’ separation, the Company and Dr. Ross entered into a separation agreement and general release of all claims dated December 16, 2022 (the “Ross Separation Agreement”). The Ross Separation Agreement provides that Dr. Ross will receive benefits, consisting of: (i) a cash severance amount of $281,250.06, which is payable over nine (9) months in substantially equal installments following December 16, 2022 (the “Ross Effective Date”), and (ii) a payment of nine (9) months of premium costs of group health plan continuation coverage in the total amount of $20,799, which is payable over nine (9) months in substantially equal installments following the Ross Effective Date.

In addition, to ensure a smooth transition, the Company and Dr. Ross entered into a consulting agreement, dated as of December 16, 2022 (the “Ross Consulting Agreement”), pursuant to which Dr. Ross provided non-employee consulting and advisory services to the Company, on a non-exclusive basis, from December 17, 2022 until March 31, 2023. Pursuant to the Ross Consulting Agreement, Dr. Ross received a grant of restricted stock pursuant to the Company’s 2018 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended from time to time (the “Plan”), with a grant date fair market value of $56,250 (as determined in accordance with the Plan), which vested in three equal monthly installments (with the first installment vesting January on 31, 2023) over the consulting term.

26
 

 

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year EndPrincipal Effects of Reverse Stock Split on Legal Ability to Pay Dividends

Our Board has not in the past declared, nor does it have any plans to declare in the foreseeable future, any distributions of cash, dividends or other property, and we are not in arrears on any dividends. Therefore, we do not believe that the reverse stock split will have any effect with respect to future distributions, if any, to our holders of Common Stock.

Accounting Matters

 

The following table summarizesreverse stock split will not affect the par value of our Common Stock because our Common Stock has no par value. The shareholders’ equity, in the aggregate, will remain unchanged. In addition, the per share net income or loss and net book value of our Common Stock will be increased because there will be fewer shares of Common Stock outstanding in both the basic and fully diluted calculations.

Potential Anti-Takeover Effect

The increased proportion of unissued authorized shares to issued shares could, under certain information concerningcircumstances, be construed as having an anti-takeover effect (for example, by permitting issuances that would dilute the stock options andownership of a person seeking to effect a change in the composition of our Board of Directors or contemplating a tender offer or other equity awards granted by us undertransaction for the Option Plancombination of the Company with another company). Although not designed or intended for such purposes, the effect of the proposed reverse stock split might be to render more difficult or to discourage a merger, tender offer, proxy contest or change in control of the Company and the Incentive Plan held asremoval of December 31, 2022management, which shareholders might otherwise deem favorable. For example, the authority of our Board of Directors to issue Common Stock might be used to create voting impediments or to frustrate an attempt by another person or entity to effect a takeover or otherwise gain control of us because the issuance of additional Common Stock would dilute the voting power of the Common Stock and Preferred Stock then outstanding. Our Common Stock could also be issued to purchasers who would support our Board of Directors in opposing a takeover bid, which our Board of Directors determines not to be in the best interests of the Company and our shareholders. Our Board of Directors is not presently aware of any attempt, or contemplated attempt, to acquire control of the Company and the reverse stock split proposal is not part of any plan by our Named Executive Officers:Board of Directors to recommend or implement a series of anti-takeover measures.

 

Option Awards Stock Awards 
Name 

Number of

Securities

Underlying

Unexercised Options

Exercisable

  

 

Number of

Securities

Underlying

Unexercised Options

Unexercisable(1)

  

Option Exercise

Price

  

Option Expiration

Date

  Number of shares or units of stock that have not vested  Market value of shares of units of stock that have not vested  

Equity

incentive

plan awards: Number of

unearned

shares, units or other rights that have not vested

  

Equity

incentive

plan awards: Market or payout value of

unearned

shares, units or other rights that have not vested

 
Ronald Andrews  16,700(2)  33,300  $0.46   December 7, 2032               
                                 
Gisela Paulsen       $                  
                                 
Douglas Ross       $      213,797(3) $56,250         
                                 
Joshua Riggs  75,520(4)  49,480  $1.33   July 22, 2030               
                                 
   22,922(5)  27,090  $5.34   February 25, 2031               
                                 
   7,500(6)  22,500  $1.39   March 24, 2032               
                                 
   (7)  10,000  $1.17   May 3, 2032               
                                 
   (8)  250,000  $0.46   December 7, 2032               
                                 
Anish John  39,062(9)  85,938  $3.80   September 13, 2031               
                                 
   9,375(10)  28,125  $1.15   March 15, 2032               
                                 
   (11)  37,500  $1.15   March 15, 2032               
                                 
   (12)  50,000  $0.99   June 1, 2032               
                                 
   (13)  100,000  $0.97   August 15, 2032           150,000(14) $145,500 
                                 
James Liu  3,541(15)  6,459  $1.15   March 15, 2032               
                                 
   565(16)  1,695  $1.39   March 24, 2032               
                                 
   (17)  75,000  $0.89   September 20, 2032               

Procedure for Effecting Reverse Stock Split; Exchange of Stock Certificates; Treatment of Fractional Shares

(1)Except as otherwise indicated below, one quarter of the options shall vest upon completion of 12 full months of continuous employment measured from the date of grant, and the balance of the options will vest in 36 equal monthly installments commencing on the first anniversary of the date of grant, based upon the completion of each month of continuous employment.
(2)The date of grant was December 7, 2022 for services of Mr. Andrews as a non-employee consultant of Oncocyte. The options vested (i) one-third on December 31, 2022, (ii) one-third on January 31, 2023, and (iii) one-third on February 28, 2023.
(3)The date of grant was December 21, 2022 for services of Dr. Ross as a non-employee consultant of Oncocyte. The RSUs vested (i) one-third on December 31, 2022, (ii) one-third on January 31, 2023, and (iii) one-third on February 28, 2023.
(4)The date of grant was July 22, 2020.

(5)The date of grant was February 25, 2021.
(6)The date of grant was March 24, 2022.
(7)The date of grant was May 3, 2022.
(8)The date of grant was December 7, 2022. The options will vest on the first anniversary of the grant date.
(9)The date of grant was September 13, 2021.
(10)The date of grant was March 15, 2022.
(11)The date of grant was March 15, 2022. The options vest subject to the achievement by Oncocyte of pre-defined product and regulatory goals in 2022. 100% of the options will vest on December 31, 2023, if such pre-defined goals have been achieved in 2022.
(12)The date of grant was June 1, 2022.
(13)The date of grant was August 15, 2022.
(14)The date of grant was August 15, 2022. The RSUs vest on January 1, 2024 subject to the achievement by Oncocyte of a pre-determined financial objective related to available cash.
(15)The date of grant was March 15, 2022.
(16)The date of grant was March 24, 2022.
(17)The date of grant was September 20, 2022.

 

If shareholders approve granting our Board of Directors the authority to exercise its discretion to effectuate the reverse stock split and if our Board of Directors determines to effectuate the reverse stock split, we will file the proposed amendment to the Articles of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of the State of California. The reverse stock split will become effective at the time specified in the amendment, which will most likely be the date of the filing of the amendment and which we refer to as the “effective time.” Beginning at the effective time, each certificate representing outstanding pre-reverse stock split shares of Common Stock will be deemed for all corporate purposes to evidence ownership of post-reverse stock split shares of Common Stock.

We will appoint American Stock Transfer & Trust Company LLC, 6201 15th Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11219, (800) 937-5449, to act as exchange agent for holders of Common Stock in connection with the reverse stock split. Neither the Company nor American Stock Transfer & Trust Company LLC will distribute fractional shares of Common Stock. We will deposit with the exchange agent, as soon as practicable after the effective time, cash in an amount equal to the value of the estimated aggregate number of fractional shares that will result from the reverse stock split. The funds required to purchase the fractional share interests are available and will be paid from our current cash reserves. Our shareholder list shows that some of our outstanding Common Stock is registered in the names of clearing agencies and broker nominees. Because we do not know the numbers of shares held by each beneficial owner for whom the clearing agencies and broker nominees are record holders, we cannot predict with certainty the number of fractional shares that will result from the reverse stock split or the total amount we will be required to pay for fractional share interests. However, we do not expect that amount will be material.

As of the record date, we had approximately 310 holders of record of Common Stock (although we had significantly more beneficial holders). We do not expect the reverse stock split to result in a significant reduction in the number of record holders. We presently do not intend to seek any change in our status as a reporting company for federal securities law purposes, either before or after the reverse stock split.

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Effect on Beneficial Holders of Common Stock (i.e., shareholders who hold in “street name”): Upon the effectiveness of the reverse stock split, we intend to treat shares of Common Stock held by shareholders in “street name,” through a bank, broker or other nominee, in the same manner as registered shareholders whose shares of Common Stock are registered in their names. Banks, brokers or other nominees will be instructed to effect the reverse stock split for their beneficial holders holding the Common Stock in “street name.” However, these banks, brokers or other nominees may have different procedures than registered shareholders for processing the reverse stock split. If a shareholder holds shares of Common Stock with a bank, broker or other nominee and has any questions in this regard, shareholders are encouraged to contact their bank, broker or other nominee.

Effect on Registered “Book-Entry” Holders of Common Stock (i.e., shareholders that are registered on the transfer agent’s books and records): All of our registered holders of Common Stock hold their shares electronically in book-entry form with our transfer agent. They are provided with a statement reflecting the number of shares registered in their accounts.

If a shareholder holds registered shares in book-entry form with the transfer agent, no action needs to be taken to receive post-reverse stock split shares. If a shareholder is entitled to post-reverse stock split shares, a transaction statement will automatically be sent to the shareholder’s address of record indicating the number of shares of Common Stock held following the reverse stock split.

Shareholders will not have to pay any service charges in connection with the exchange of their certificates or the payment of cash in lieu of fractional shares.

Even if shareholders approve the reverse stock split, our Board of Directors reserves the right to not effect the reverse stock split if in our Board of Directors’ opinion it would not be in the best interests of the Company or our shareholders to effect such reverse stock split.

No Dissenters’ or Appraisal Rights

Under the California Corporations Code, shareholders are not entitled to any dissenter’s or appraisal rights with respect to the reverse stock split, and we will not independently provide shareholders with any such right.

Interest of Certain Persons in Matters to Be Acted Upon

No officer or director has any substantial interest, direct or indirect, by security holdings or otherwise, in the reverse stock split that is not shared by all of our other shareholders.

Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences

The following is a general discussion of the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of the reverse stock split. This discussion does not provide a complete analysis of all potential U.S. federal income tax considerations relating thereto. This description is based on the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) and existing and proposed U.S. Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder, administrative pronouncements, judicial decisions, and interpretations of the foregoing, all as of the date hereof and all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect.

This discussion addresses only Common Stock held as capital assets within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code (generally for investment) by U.S. holders (defined below).

Moreover, this discussion is for general information only and does not address all of the tax consequences that may be relevant to you in light of your particular circumstances, including the alternative minimum tax, the Medicare tax on certain investment income or any state, local or foreign tax laws or any U.S. federal tax laws other than U.S. federal income tax laws, nor does it discuss special tax provisions, which may apply to you if you are subject to special treatment under U.S. federal income tax laws, such as for:

certain financial institutions or financial services entities,
insurance companies,
tax-exempt entities,
tax-qualified retirement plans,
dealers in securities or currencies,
entities that are treated as partnerships or other pass-through entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes (and partners or beneficial owners therein),
foreign branches,
corporations that accumulate earnings to avoid U.S. federal income tax,
regulated investment companies,
real estate investment trusts,
persons deemed to sell Common Stock under the constructive sale provisions of the Code, and
persons that hold Common Stock as part of a straddle, hedge, conversion transaction, or other integrated investment.

You are urged to consult your own tax advisor concerning the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the reverse stock split, as well as the application of any state, local, foreign income and other tax laws.

As used in this discussion, a “U.S. holder” is a beneficial owner of Common Stock that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;
a corporation (or other entity taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) that is created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia;
an estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or
a trust if (i) a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (ii) it has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a domestic trust.

If a partnership or other entity or arrangement treated as a pass-through entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes is a beneficial owner of Common Stock, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership or an owner of the other pass-through entity or arrangement generally will depend upon the status of the partner or owner and the activities of the partnership or other pass-through entity or arrangement. Any partnership, partner in such a partnership or owner of another pass-through entity or arrangement holding Common Stock should consult its own tax advisor as to the particular U.S. federal income tax consequences applicable to it.

SHAREHOLDERS ARE URGED TO CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS REGARDING THE APPLICATION OF U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX LAWS TO THEIR PARTICULAR SITUATIONS AND THE CONSEQUENCES OF OTHER FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL AND FOREIGN TAX LAWS, AND APPLICABLE TAX TREATIES, IN PARTICULAR, SHAREHOLDERS WHO RECEIVE CASH IN LIEU OF FRACTIONAL SHARES RESULTING FROM THE REVERSE STOCK SPLIT AND WITH RESPECT TO ALLOCATING TAX BASIS AND HOLDING PERIOD AMONG THEIR POST-REVERSE STOCK SPLIT SHARES.

No gain or loss should be recognized by U.S. holders as a result of the reverse stock split, except for cash payments received in lieu of fractional shares, the tax consequences of which are described below. The aggregate tax basis of the new Common Stock received by U.S. holders (including any fraction of new Common Stock deemed to have been received) will be the same as their aggregate adjusted tax basis in their existing Common Stock. The holding period of the new Common Stock received as a result of the reverse stock split will include the period during which a U.S. holder held the Common Stock surrendered in the reverse stock split.

U.S. holders who receive cash in lieu of fractional shares of the new Common Stock in the reverse stock split will be treated as having sold such fractional shares for cash, and will generally recognize capital gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the amount of cash received and their tax basis in their fractional share. The gain or loss will be long-term capital gain or loss if a U.S. holder’s holding period for his or her new Common Stock exceeds 12 months.

The reverse stock split will be treated as a tax-free recapitalization of the Company under the Code. Consequently, the Company will not recognize any gain or loss as a result of the reverse stock split.

THE PRECEDING DISCUSSION OF U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES IS FOR GENERAL INFORMATION ONLY. IT IS NOT TAX ADVICE. EACH SHAREHOLDER IS URGED TO CONSULT ITS OWN TAX ADVISOR REGARDING THE PARTICULAR U.S. FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL AND FOREIGN TAX CONSEQUENCES OF THE REVERSE STOCK SPLIT, INCLUDING THE CONSEQUENCES OF ANY PROPOSED CHANGE IN APPLICABLE LAWS AND TREATIES, IN PARTICULAR, SHAREHOLDERS WHO RECEIVE CASH IN LIEU OF FRACTIONAL SHARES RESULTING FROM THE REVERSE STOCK SPLIT AND WITH RESPECT TO ALLOCATING TAX BASIS AND HOLDING PERIOD AMONG THEIR POST-REVERSE STOCK SPLIT SHARES.

Required Vote

The affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, provided that a quorum is present, is required to approve granting our Board of Directors the authority to exercise its discretion to amend our Articles of Incorporation to effect a reverse stock split of our outstanding shares of Common Stock, to regain compliance with the Nasdaq Stock Market’s minimum bid price requirement, at any of the following exchange ratios at any time within one year after shareholder approval is obtained, and once approved by the shareholders, the timing of the amendment and the specific reverse split ratio to be effected shall be determined in the sole discretion of our Board of Directors: (A) a one-for-ten reverse stock split; (B) a one-for-fifteen reverse stock split; (C) a one-for-twenty reverse stock split; or (D) a one-for-twenty-five reverse stock split. Unless otherwise directed by the shareholders, proxies will be voted FOR approval of this Proposal.

The Board of Directors Recommends a Vote “FOR” granting our Board of Directors the authority to exercise its discretion to amend our Articles of Incorporation to effect a reverse stock split of our outstanding shares of Common Stock, to regain compliance with the Nasdaq Stock Market’s minimum bid price requirement, at any of the following exchange ratios at any time within one year after shareholder approval is obtained, and once approved by the shareholders, the timing of the amendment and the specific reverse split ratio to be effected shall be determined in the sole discretion of our Board of Directors: (A) a one-for-ten reverse stock split; (B) a one-for-fifteen reverse stock split; (C) a one-for-twenty reverse stock split; or (D) a one-for-twenty-five reverse stock split.

PROPOSAL 2: TO APPROVE GRANTING OUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS THE AUTHORITY TO EXERCISE ITS DISCRETION AT ANY TIME WITHIN ONE YEAR AFTER SHAREHOLDER APPROVAL IS OBTAINED TO AMEND OUR ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION TO REDUCE THE NUMBER OF AUTHORIZED SHARES OF OUR COMMON STOCK BY A CORRESPONDING RATIO TO THE REVERSE STOCK SPLIT IF, AND ONLY IF, THE REVERSE STOCK SPLIT PROPOSAL IS APPROVED AND IMPLEMENTED.

Our Board of Directors believes it is advisable and in the best interests of the Company and our shareholders to approve granting our Board of Directors the authority to exercise its discretion at any time within one year after shareholder approval is obtained to amend our Articles of Incorporation to reduce the number of authorized shares of our Common Stock by a corresponding ratio to the reverse stock split if, and only if, the reverse stock split proposal is approved and implemented. On June 30, 2023, our Board of Directors approved of the proposed amendment of our Articles of Incorporation, subject to shareholder approval, that would reduce the number of authorized shares of our Common Stock by a corresponding ratio to the reverse stock split. Although shareholders are being asked to vote on each of the proposed ratios, only the one proposal that corresponds to the approved and implemented reverse stock split ratio would be effected.

The full text of the form of proposed amendment of the Articles of Incorporation is attached to this proxy statement as Appendix A. By approving this Proposal, shareholders will be approving granting our Board of Directors the authority to exercise its discretion at any time within one year after shareholder approval is obtained to amend our Articles of Incorporation to reduce the number of authorized shares of our Common Stock by a corresponding ratio to the reverse stock split if, and only if, the reverse stock split proposal is approved and implemented.

If approved by shareholders and following such approval our Board of Directors determines that effecting a reverse stock split and an authorized shares reduction is in the best interests of the Company and our shareholders, the authorized shares reduction will become effective upon filing one such amendment with the Secretary of State of the State of California. The amendment filed thereby will contain the number of authorized shares of our Common Stock approved by the shareholders and selected by the Board of Directors within the limits set forth in this Proposal. Only one such amendment will be filed, if at all, and the other amendments will be abandoned.

The implementation of this Proposal 2 is expressly conditioned upon the approval and implementation of Proposal 1; if Proposal 1 is not approved and implemented, then this Proposal 2 will not be implemented. Accordingly, if we do not receive the required shareholder approval for Proposal 1 or the reverse stock split is not otherwise implemented, then we will not implement the authorized shares reduction. If we receive the required shareholder approval for Proposal 1 but do not receive the required shareholder approval for Proposal 2, then our Board of Directors will nonetheless retain the ability to implement the reverse stock split and, if so effected, the total number of authorized shares of our Common Stock would not be reduced. Notwithstanding shareholder approval of the proposed amendment of the Articles of Incorporation at the Meeting, our Board of Directors may decide it is in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders to withhold approval from any amendments to the Articles of Incorporation without further action by the shareholders before the amendment of the Articles of Incorporation is filed with the Secretary of State of the State of California.

Background and Reasons for the Authorized Shares Reduction

As a matter of California law, the implementation of the reverse stock split does not require a reduction in the total number of authorized shares of our stock. However, if Proposals 1 and 2 are approved by our shareholders and the reverse stock split is implemented, our Board of Directors has the discretion to reduce the authorized number of shares of our Common Stock by a corresponding ratio. The reason for the authorized shares reduction is so that we do not have what some shareholders might view as an unreasonably high number of authorized shares of Common Stock that are unissued relative to the number of shares outstanding following the reverse stock split.

Risks Associated with the Authorized Shares Reduction

If both Proposals 1 and 2 are approved and the reverse stock split and authorized shares reduction are implemented, then there will be fewer authorized shares of Common Stock available to issue or reserve for issuance. If we require additional authorized shares in the future, we would be forced to seek and obtain the approval of our shareholders to effect an increase to the authorized shares of Common Stock. Any such increase to the authorized shares would require us to solicit proxies and hold a vote at an annual or special meeting of the shareholders. The shareholder meeting process can be costly and time-consuming and is subject to a variety of SEC rules that implement waiting periods throughout the process, which could prevent us from obtaining any increase to our authorized shares in a timely manner. Moreover, our shareholders may not approve any proposal to increase our authorized shares. Either of these outcomes could force us to forego opportunities that we believe to be valuable or prevent us from using equity for raising capital, strategic transactions, compensation or other corporate purposes, which could limit our flexibility and prospects and strain our cash resources.

If this Proposal 2 is not approved, but Proposal 1 is approved and the reverse stock split is implemented, then the authorized number of shares of our Common Stock would remain unchanged following the reverse stock split. As a result, a reverse stock split, without an authorized shares reduction, will have the effect of increasing the number of authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock available for future issuance, which might be construed as having an anti-takeover effect by permitting the issuance of shares to purchasers who might oppose a hostile takeover bid or oppose any efforts to amend or repeal certain provisions of our Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws. If the authorized number of shares of our Common Stock remains unchanged following the reverse stock split, some shareholders also might view us as having an unreasonably high number of authorized shares of Common Stock that are unissued relative to the number of shares outstanding following the reverse stock split, the future issuance of which could be more dilutive to shareholders than if the authorized shares had been reduced in connection with the reverse stock split.

Principal Effects of the Authorized Shares Reduction

Because the authorized shares reduction is contingent upon the implementation of the reverse stock split, the principal effect of the authorized shares reduction will be that the number of authorized shares of our Common Stock will be reduced by the same ratio as the reverse stock split. The authorized shares reduction would not have any effect on the rights of existing shareholders, participants in our equity incentive plans, or holders of any of our other equity securities, and the Common Stock would continue to have no par value.

Procedure for Effecting the Authorized Shares Reduction

If shareholders approve granting our Board of Directors the authority to exercise its discretion to effectuate the authorized shares reduction and if our Board of Directors determines to effectuate the authorized shares reduction, we will file the proposed amendment to the Articles of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of the State of California. The authorized shares reduction will become effective at the time specified in the amendment, which will most likely be the date of the filing of the amendment and which we refer to as the “effective time.”

No Dissenters’ or Appraisal Rights

Under the California Corporations Code, shareholders are not entitled to any dissenter’s or appraisal rights with respect to the authorized shares reduction, and we will not independently provide shareholders with any such right.

Interest of Certain Persons in Matters to Be Acted Upon

No officer or director has any substantial interest, direct or indirect, by security holdings or otherwise, in the authorized shares reduction that is not shared by all of our other shareholders.

Required Vote

The affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, provided that a quorum is present, is required to approve granting our Board of Directors the authority to exercise its discretion at any time within one year after shareholder approval is obtained to amend our Articles of Incorporation to reduce the number of authorized shares of our Common Stock by a corresponding ratio to the reverse stock split if, and only if, the reverse stock split proposal is approved and implemented. Unless otherwise directed by the shareholders, proxies will be voted FOR approval of this Proposal.

The Board of Directors Recommends a Vote “FOR” granting our Board of Directors the authority to exercise its discretion at any time within one year after shareholder approval is obtained to amend our Articles of Incorporation to reduce the number of authorized shares of our Common Stock by a corresponding ratio to the reverse stock split if, and only if, the reverse stock split proposal is approved and implemented.

PROPOSAL 3: To approve an amendment to the Incentive Plan to eliminate the limitation on the number of shares of our Common Stock that can be granted to any individual participant under the Incentive Plan during any one (1)-year period.

On June 30, 2023, our Board of Directors adopted and approved an amendment to our Incentive Plan to eliminate the limitation on the number of shares of our Common Stock that can be granted to any individual participant under the Incentive Plan during any one (1)-year period (the “Plan Amendment”), subject to approval by our shareholders at the Meeting.

The Incentive Plan currently provides that no individual participant shall be granted, during any one (1) year period, options to purchase and/or stock appreciation rights with respect to more than 1,000,000 shares of Common Stock in the aggregate, or any other awards with respect to more than 500,000 shares of Common Stock in the aggregate (the “Individual Award Limit”). The Individual Award Limit is set forth in Section 4.2 of the Incentive Plan, which provides as follows:

“4.2 Subject to adjustment in accordance with Section 11, no Participant shall be granted, during any one (1) year period, Options to purchase Common Stock and Stock Appreciation Rights with respect to more than 1,000,000 shares of Common Stock in the aggregate or any other Awards with respect to more than 500,000 shares of Common Stock in the aggregate. If an Award is to be settled in cash, the number of shares of Common Stock on which the Award is based shall not count toward the individual share limit set forth in this Section 4.”

If the Plan Amendment is approved, Section 4.2 of the current Incentive Plan would be amended and restated to read in full as follows:

“4.2 [Reserved.]”

Accordingly, the Plan Amendment would eliminate the Individual Award Limit, such that our Compensation Committee and Board of Directors would have increased discretion to determine the number of shares of Common Stock subject to Awards that may be granted to participants under the Incentive Plan during any one (1)-year period or otherwise, subject to the other terms and conditions thereof.

A copy of the Plan Amendment is set forth in this Proxy Statement as Appendix B.

Reasons for the Elimination of the Individual Award Limit

Our Board of Directors believes that our success is largely dependent on our ability to attract and retain highly-qualified employees and non-employee directors, and that offering them the opportunity to acquire or increase their interest in our company will enhance our ability to attract and retain such persons. Accordingly, the ability of our Board of Directors to grant meaningful quantities of stock options and other equity-based award is an important part of employee and director compensation packages.

When the Incentive Plan was approved, we established limits on the number of shares of Common Stock that can be granted to any individual participant under the Incentive Plan during any one (1)-year period. However, due to the recent declines in the market price of our Common Stock and other factors, we have determined that, the established limits are no longer necessary or appropriate, and should be eliminated in order to give our Board of Directors and Compensation Committee increased discretionary authority to determine the number of shares of our Common Stock subject to Awards under the Incentive Plan.

We believe that our Board of Directors and Compensation Committee should have the ability to grant Awards under the Incentive Plan in such quantities as they may determine appropriate, in light of the circumstances, and without regard to the Individual Award Limit. Further, the increased authority contemplated by the Plan Amendment is critical to the furtherance of our compensation programs and vital to the growth and success of our business, as it will allow us to preserve cash and increase our ability to attract, retain and motivate persons who make important contributions to our business.

Summary of the Incentive Plan (as proposed to be amended by the Plan Amendment)

 

The following summary of the Incentive Plan, as proposed to be amended by the Plan Amendment, is a summary only and does not purport to include all of the terms of the Incentive Plan or the Plan Amendment, and is qualified in full by the full terms of the Incentive Plan.Plan and the Plan Amendment.

 

We have adopted the Incentive Plan that permits us to grant awards or Awards,(“Awards”), consisting of stock options, the grant or sale of restricted stock (“Restricted Stock”), the grant of stock appreciation rights (“SARs”), and the grant of hypothetical units issued with reference to our common stockCommon Stock (“Restricted Stock Units” or “RSUs”), for up to 21,000,000 shares of our common stock.Common Stock. The Incentive Plan also permits Oncocyte to issue such other securities as our Board of Directors or theour Compensation Committee administering the Incentive Plan may determine. Awards of stock options, Restricted Stock, SARs, and RSUs (“Awards”) may be granted under the Incentive Plan to Oncocyteour employees, directors, and consultants.

 

Awards may vest and thereby become exercisable or have restrictions on forfeiture lapse on the date of grant or in periodic installments or upon the attainment of performance goals, or upon the occurrence of specified events. Awards may not vest, in whole or in part, earlier than one year from the date of grant. Vesting of an Award after the date of grant may be accelerated only in the limited circumstances specified in the Incentive Plan. In the case of the acceleration of vesting of any performance-based Award, acceleration of vesting shall be limited to actual performance achieved, pro rata achievement of the performance goal(s) on the basis for the elapsed portion of the performance period, or a combination of actual and pro rata achievement of performance goals.

 

No person shall be granted, during any one-year period, options to purchase, or SARs with respect to, more than 1,000,000 shares in the aggregate, or any Awards of Restricted Stock or RSUs with respect to more than 500,000 shares in the aggregate. If an Award is to be settled in cash, the number of shares on which the Award is based shall not count toward the individual share limit.

No Awards may be granted under the Incentive Plan more than ten years after the date upon which the Incentive Plan was adopted by ourthe Board, of Directors, and no options or SARs granted under the Incentive Plan may be exercised after the expiration of ten years from the date of grant.

 

As of June 28, 2023, an aggregate of 9,127,843 shares of our Common Stock were issuable upon the exercise of outstanding Awards under our Incentive Plan and 8,491,111 shares of our Common Stock remained available for future issuance under our Incentive Plan.

Stock Options

 

Options granted under the Incentive Plan may be either “incentive stock options” within the meaning of Section 422(b) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or “non-qualified” stock options that do not qualify incentive stock options. Incentive stock options may be granted only to Oncocyteour employees and employees of our subsidiaries. The exercise price of stock options granted under the Incentive Plan must be equal to the fair market of our common stockCommon Stock on the date the option is granted. In the case of an optionee who, at the time of grant, owns more than 10% of the combined voting power of all classes of Oncocyteour capital stock, the exercise price of any incentive stock option must be at least 110% of the fair market value of the common stockour Common Stock on the grant date, and the term of the option may be no longer than five years. The aggregate fair market value of common stockour Common Stock (determined as of the grant date of the option) with respect to which incentive stock options become exercisable for the first time by an optionee in any calendar year may not exceed $100,000.

 

The exercise price of an option may be payable in cash or in common stockshares of our Common Stock having a fair market value equal to the exercise price, or in a combination of cash and common stock,Common Stock, or other legal consideration for the issuance of stock as our Board of Directors or our Compensation Committee may approve.

 

Generally, options will be exercisable only while the optionee remains an employee, director or consultant, or during a specific period thereafter, but in the case of the termination of an employee, director, or consultant’s services due to death or disability, the period for exercising a vested option shall be extended to the earlier of 12 months after termination or the expiration date of the option.

 

Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units

 

In lieu of granting options, we may enter into purchase agreements with employees under which they may purchase or otherwise acquire Restricted Stock or RSUs subject to such vesting, transfer, and repurchase terms, and other restrictions. The price at which Restricted Stock may be issued or sold will be not less than 100% of fair market value. Employees or consultants, but not executive officers or directors, who purchase Restricted Stock may be permitted to pay for their shares by delivering a promissory note or an installment payment agreement that may be secured by a pledge of their Restricted Stock. Restricted Stock may also be issued for services actually performed by the recipient prior to the issuance of the Restricted Stock. Unvested Restricted Stock for which we have not received payment may be forfeited, or we may have the right to repurchase unvested shares upon the occurrence of specified events, such as termination of employment.

 

Subject to the restrictions set with respect to the particular Award, a recipient of Restricted Stock generally shall have the rights and privileges of a shareholder, including the right to vote the Restricted Stock and the right to receive dividends; provided that, any cash dividends and stock dividends with respect to the Restricted Stock shall be withheld for the recipient’s account, and interest may be credited on the amount of the cash dividends withheld. The cash dividends or stock dividends so withheld and attributable to any particular share of Restricted Stock (and earnings thereon, if applicable) shall be distributed to the recipient in cash or, at the discretion of our Board of Directors or our Compensation Committee, in shares of common stockCommon Stock having a fair market value equal to the amount of such dividends, if applicable, upon the release of restrictions on the Restricted Stock and, if the Restricted Stock is forfeited, the recipient shall have no right to the dividends.

 

The terms and conditions of a grant of RSUs shall be determined by our Board of Directors or our Compensation Committee. No shares of common stockCommon Stock shall be issued at the time a RSU is granted. A recipient of Restricted Stock Units shall have no voting rights with respect to the RSUs. Upon the expiration of the restrictions applicable to a RSU, we will either issue to the recipient, without charge, one share of common stockCommon Stock per RSU or cash in an amount equal to the fair market value of one share of common stock.Common Stock.

 

At the discretion of our Board of Directors or our Compensation Committee, each RSU (representing one share of common stock)Common Stock) may be credited with cash and stock dividends paid in respect of one share (“Dividend Equivalents”). Dividend Equivalents shall be withheld for the recipient’s account, and interest may be credited on the amount of cash Dividend Equivalents withheld. Dividend Equivalents credited to a recipient’s account and attributable to any particular RSU (and earnings thereon, if applicable) shall be distributed in cash or in shares of common stockCommon Stock having a fair market value equal to the amount of the Dividend Equivalents and earnings, if applicable, upon settlement of the RSU. If a RSU is forfeited, the recipient shall have no right to the related Dividend Equivalents.

 

SARs

 

An SAR is the right to receive, upon exercise, an amount payable in cash or shares, or a combination of shares and cash, equal to the number of shares subject to the SAR that is being exercised, multiplied by the excess of (a) the fair market value of a common share of Common Stock on the date the SAR is exercised, over (b) the exercise price specified in the SAR Award agreement.award agreement related to the SAR. SARs may be granted either as free-standing SARs or in tandem with options. No SAR may be exercised later than 10 years after the date of grant.

 

The exercise price of an SAR shall not be less than 100% of the fair market value of one share of common stockCommon Stock on the date of grant. An SAR granted in conjunction with an option shall have the same exercise price as the related option, shall be transferable only upon the same terms and conditions as the related option, and shall be exercisable only to the same extent as the related option; provided, however, that the SAR by its terms shall be exercisable only when the fair market value per share exceeds the exercise price per share of the SAR or related option. Upon any exercise of an SAR granted in tandem with an option, the number of shares for which the related option shall be exercisable shall be reduced by the number of shares for which the SAR has been exercised. The number of shares for which an SAR issued in tandem with an option shall be exercisable shall be reduced by the number of shares for which the related option has been exercised.

 

Repricing Prohibition

 

The Incentive Plan prohibits any modification of the purchase price or exercise price of an outstanding option or other Award if the change would effect a “repricing’ without shareholder approval. As defined in the Incentive Plan, “repricing” means a reduction in the exercise price of an outstanding option or SAR or cancellation of an “underwater” or “out-of-the-money” Award in exchange for other Awards or cash. An “underwater” or “out-of-the-money” Award is defined to mean an Award for which the exercise price is less than the “fair market value” of Oncocyte common stock.our Common Stock. The fair market value is generally determined by the closing price per share of Oncocyte common stockour Common Stock on the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC or any other national securities exchange or inter-dealer quotation system on which Oncocyte common stockour Common Stock is traded.

 

Limitation on Share Recycling

 

Shares subject to an Award shall not again be made available for issuance or delivery under the Incentive Plan if those shares are (a) shares tendered in payment of an option, (b) shares delivered or withheld by us to satisfy any tax withholding obligation, (c) shares covered by a stock-settled SAR or other Award that were not issued upon the settlement of the Award, or (d) shares repurchased by us using the proceeds from option exercises. Only shares subject to an Award that is cancelled or forfeited or expires prior to exercise or realization may be regranted under the Incentive Plan.

 

Other Compensation PlansTax Consequences

 

We do not have any pension plans, defined benefit plans, or non-qualified deferred compensation plans other than those described above. AsFor a summary of the datekey tax consequences of participation in the existing Incentive Plan, see “—Federal Income Tax Consequence of Participation in the Incentive Plan” below.

Future Incentive Plan Awards

Awards under the Incentive Plan are within the discretion of our Compensation Committee and Board of Directors. The exercise price and value of each Award will reflect the market price of our Common Stock at the time of the Award. It is likely that we will add other employees, including officers, for new product development and commercialization, and we may add other administrative personnel, including officers, as the need arises or if we expand our operations through the acquisition of other businesses.

Future Awards under the Incentive Plan, including to our non-employee directors and to our officers, are not determinable at this Proxy Statement, we make contributionstime. Our Compensation Committee and Board of Directors have guidelines for determining option awards based upon the professional level of each employee in the organization, but the ultimate decision to 401(k) plans for participatinggrant Awards will also be based on each employee’s and Oncocyte’s annual performance. Accordingly, the number and value of additional Awards that might be granted to our executive officers and other employees.employees is not presently determinable and our Compensation Committee and the Board of Directors will need flexibility in granting Awards in order to adequately compensate, retain and recruit talented individuals to the Company.

Federal Income Tax Consequence of Participation in the Incentive Plan

The following discussion summarizes certain federal income tax consequences of participation in the Incentive Plan. Although we believe the following statements are correct based on existing provisions of the Code, and the regulations thereunder, the Code or regulations may be amended from time to time, and future judicial interpretations may affect the veracity of the discussion.

Incentive Stock Options

Under Section 422(a) of the Code, the grant and exercise of an incentive stock option pursuant to the Incentive Plan is entitled to the benefits of Section 421(a) of the Code. Under Section 421(a), an optionee will not be required to recognize income at the time the option is granted or at the time the option is exercised, except to the extent that the optionee is subject to the alternative minimum tax. If the applicable holding periods described below are met, when the shares of stock received upon exercise of an incentive stock option are sold or otherwise disposed of in a taxable transaction, the option holder will recognize compensation income (taxed as a long-term capital gain), for the taxable year in which disposition occurs, in an amount equal to the excess of the fair market value of the Common Stock at the time of such disposition over the amount paid for the shares.

We will not be entitled to any business expense deduction with respect to the grant or exercise of an incentive stock option, except in connection with a disqualifying disposition as discussed below. No portion of the amount received by the optionee upon the sale of Common Stock acquired through the exercise of an incentive stock option will be subject to withholding for federal income taxes, or be subject to FICA or state disability taxes, except in connection with a disqualifying disposition.

In order for a participant to receive the favorable tax treatment provided in Section 421(a) of the Code, Section 422 requires that the participant make no disposition of the option shares within two years from the date the option was granted, nor within one year from the date the option was exercised and the shares were transferred to the participant. In addition, the participant must, with certain exceptions for death or disability, be an employee of Oncocyte (or of a parent or subsidiary of Oncocyte, as defined in Section 424(e) and (f) of the Code, or a corporation, or parent or subsidiary thereof, issuing or assuming the option in a merger or other corporate reorganization transaction to which Section 424(a) of the Code applies) at all times within the period beginning on the date of the grant of the option and ending on a date within three months before the date of exercise. In the event of the death of the participant, the holding periods will not apply to a disposition of the option or option shares by the participant’s estate or by persons receiving the option or shares under the participant’s will or by intestate succession.

If a participant disposes of stock acquired pursuant to the exercise of an incentive stock option before the expiration of the holding period requirements set forth above, the participant will realize, at the time of the disposition, ordinary income to the extent the fair market value of the Common Stock on the date the shares were purchased exceeded the purchase price. The difference between the fair market value of the Common Stock on the date the shares were purchased and the amount realized on disposition is treated as long-term or short-term capital gain or loss, depending on the participant’s holding period of the shares of Common Stock. The amount treated as ordinary income may be subject to the income tax withholding requirements of the Code and FICA withholding requirements. The participant will be required to reimburse us, either directly or through payroll deduction, for all withholding taxes that we are required to pay on behalf of the participant. At the time of the disposition, we will be allowed a corresponding business expense deduction under Section 162 of the Code to the extent of the amount of the participant’s ordinary income. We may adopt procedures to assist us in identifying such deductions, and may require a participant to notify us of his or her intention to dispose of any such shares.

Regardless of whether a participant satisfies the requisite holding period for his or her option and shares, the participant may be subject to the alternative minimum tax with respect to the amount by which the fair market value of the Common Stock acquired exceeded the exercise price of the option on the date of exercise.

Other Options

The Incentive Plan also permits us to grant options that do not qualify as incentive stock options. These “non-qualified” stock options may be granted to employees or non-employees, such as persons performing consulting or professional services for us. An Incentive Plan participant who receives a non-qualified option will not be taxed at the time of receipt of the option, provided that the option does not have an ascertainable value or an exercise price below fair market value of the Common Stock on the date of grant, but the participant will be taxed at the time the option is exercised.

The amount of taxable income that will be earned upon exercise of a non-qualified option will be the difference between the fair market value of the Common Stock on the date of the exercise and the exercise price of the option. We will be allowed a business expense deduction to the extent of the amount of the participant’s taxable income recognized upon the exercise of a non-qualified option. Because the option holder is subject to tax immediately upon exercise of the option, there are no applicable holding periods for the stock. The option holder’s tax basis in the Common Stock purchased through the exercise of a non-qualified option will be equal to the exercise price paid for the stock plus the amount of taxable gain recognized upon the exercise of the option. The option holder may be subject to additional tax on sale of the stock if the price realized exceeds his or her tax basis.

SARs; Restricted Stock; and Restricted Stock Units

A recipient of an SAR will not recognize taxable income upon the grant of the SAR. The recipient of the SAR will recognize ordinary income upon exercise of the SAR in an amount equal to the difference between the fair market value of the shares and the exercise price on the date of exercise. Any gain or loss recognized upon any later disposition of the shares generally will be a capital gain or loss.

A recipient of a Restricted Stock Award will not have taxable income upon the grant, unless the Restricted Stock is then vested, or unless the recipient elects under Section 83(b) of the Code to be taxed at the time of grant. Otherwise, upon vesting of the shares, the recipient will recognize ordinary income equal to the fair market value of the shares at the time of vesting less the amount paid for such shares, if any. Any gain or loss recognized upon any later disposition of the shares generally will be a capital gain or loss.

A recipient of a Restricted Stock Unit does not recognize taxable income when the Award is granted. When vested Restricted Stock Unit (and dividend equivalents, if any) is settled and distributed, the participant will recognize ordinary income equal to the amount of cash or the fair market value of shares received, less the amount paid for the Restricted Stock Unit, if any.

ERISA

The Incentive Plan is not subject to the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, and is not qualified under Code Section 401(a).

New Plan Benefits

If our shareholders approve this Proposal, the number of shares subject to Awards that may be received by any individual participant under our Incentive Plan will be in the discretion of our Compensation Committee and Board of Directors, and therefore cannot be determined in advance.

Required Vote

The affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, provided that a quorum is present, is required to approve the Plan Amendment. Unless otherwise directed by the shareholders, proxies will be voted FOR approval of this Proposal.

The Board of Directors recommends a vote “FOR” approving an amendment to the Incentive Plan to eliminate the limitation on the number of shares of our Common Stock that can be granted to any individual participant under the Incentive Plan during any one (1)-year period.

 

PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS

 

The following table sets forth information as of April 24,June 28, 2023 concerning beneficial ownership of our common stockCommon Stock by each shareholder, who is not a director or officer of the Company, known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of our outstanding shares of common stock.Common Stock. Information concerning certain beneficial owners of more than 5% of the outstanding common stockCommon Stock is based upon information disclosed by such owners in their reports on Schedule 13D or Schedule 13G and/or Section 16 reports.

 

Shareholder Number of Shares  Percent of Total(1)  Number of Shares Percent of Total(1) 
          

Broadwood Partners, L.P. (2)

Broadwood Capital, Inc.

Neal Bradsher

724 Fifth Avenue, 9th Floor

New York, New York 10019

  57,128,042   34.7%  57,128,042   34.66%
                

AWM Investment Company, Inc.(3)

c/o Special Situations Funds

527 Madison Avenue, Suite 2600

New York, NY 10022

  16,701,318   10.15%  16,701,318   10.13%
                

Pura Vida Investments, LLC (4)

Efrem Kamen

150 East 52nd Street, Suite 32001

New York, NY 10022

  16,641,824   9.99%  16,641,824   9.99%

 

(1)Percentages are based on 164,607,280164,821,077 shares of common stock, no par value,Common Stock outstanding as of April 24,June 28, 2023.
  
(2)According to the Schedule 13D/A filed on April 7, 2023, includes 57,128,042 shares beneficially owned by Broadwood Partners, L.P. (“Broadwood”), as adjusted to include shares issuable upon conversion of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and exercise of warrants beneficially owned by Broadwood, and 3,145 shares owned by Neal Bradsher. Broadwood Capital, Inc. is the general partner of Broadwood. Neal Bradsher is the President of Broadwood Capital, Inc. Broadwood Capital, Inc. shares voting power over and may be deemed to beneficially own the 57,128,042 shares owned by Broadwood. Mr. Bradsher shares voting power over and may be deemed to beneficially own 57,128,042 shares owned by Broadwood.

(3)

Includes shares of common stockCommon Stock and warrants held by Special Situations Cayman Fund, L.P. (“Cayman”), Special Situations Fund III QP, L.P. (“SSFQP”), Special Situations Private Equity Fund, L.P. (“SSPE”) and Special Situations Life Sciences Fund, L.P. (“SSLS”). AWM Investment Company, Inc. (“AWM”) is the investment adviser to Cayman, SSFQP, SSPE and SSLS (collectively, the “Funds”). According to the Schedule 13G filed on February 14, 2023, AWM is the investment adviser to the Funds and, as of February 14, 2023, holds sole voting and investment power over 1,428,322 shares of common stockCommon Stock and 656,661 warrants to purchase shares of common stockCommon Stock held by Cayman, 5,075,432 shares and 2,345,216 warrants to purchase shares of common stockCommon Stock held by SSFQP, 750,468 shares and 375,234 warrants to purchase shares of common stockCommon Stock held by SSPE, and 375,234 warrants to purchase shares of common Stock held by SSLS. The warrants may only be exercised to the extent that the total number of shares of common stockCommon Stock beneficially owned does not exceed 4.99% of the outstanding shares.

In April 2023, SSFQP purchased an additional 6,327,744 shares of common stock,Common Stock, Cayman purchased an additional 1,893,997 shares of common stockCommon Stock and SSPE purchased an additional 1,225,355 shares of common stock.

Common Stock.
  
(4)According to the Schedule 13G/A filed on April 14, 2023, includes 14,829,163 shares of common stockCommon Stock and warrants to purchase up to 1,812,661 shares of common stockCommon Stock held by Pura Vida Master Fund, Ltd. (the “Pura Vida Master Fund”), Pura Vida X Fund LP (the “Pura Vida X Fund”) and certain separately managed accounts (the “Accounts”). The warrants are subject to an ownership blocker provision that prevents the Accounts from exercising the warrants if they would have voting and dispositive power for more than 9.99% of the common stockCommon Stock outstanding following such exercise. Pura Vida Investments, LLC (“PVI”) serves as the investment manager to the Pura Vida Master Fund, Pura Vida X Fund and the Accounts. Efrem Kamen serves as the managing member of PVI. PVI and Mr. Kamen may be deemed to have shared voting and dispositive power with respect to the shares owned directly by the Pura Vida Master Fund, Pura Vida X Fund and the Accounts. PVI, Mr. Kamen and Pura Vida Master Fund disclaim beneficial ownership of those shares except to the extent of their pecuniary interest therein.

 

Security OwnershipFuture Incentive Plan Awards

Awards under the Incentive Plan are within the discretion of Managementour Compensation Committee and Board of Directors. The exercise price and value of each Award will reflect the market price of our Common Stock at the time of the Award. It is likely that we will add other employees, including officers, for new product development and commercialization, and we may add other administrative personnel, including officers, as the need arises or if we expand our operations through the acquisition of other businesses.

Future Awards under the Incentive Plan, including to our non-employee directors and to our officers, are not determinable at this time. Our Compensation Committee and Board of Directors have guidelines for determining option awards based upon the professional level of each employee in the organization, but the ultimate decision to grant Awards will also be based on each employee’s and Oncocyte’s annual performance. Accordingly, the number and value of additional Awards that might be granted to our executive officers and other employees is not presently determinable and our Compensation Committee and the Board of Directors will need flexibility in granting Awards in order to adequately compensate, retain and recruit talented individuals to the Company.

Federal Income Tax Consequence of Participation in the Incentive Plan

 

The following table sets forth information asdiscussion summarizes certain federal income tax consequences of April 24, 2023 concerning beneficial ownershipparticipation in the Incentive Plan. Although we believe the following statements are correct based on existing provisions of our commonthe Code, and the regulations thereunder, the Code or regulations may be amended from time to time, and future judicial interpretations may affect the veracity of the discussion.

Incentive Stock Options

Under Section 422(a) of the Code, the grant and exercise of an incentive stock and equity awards by each memberoption pursuant to the Incentive Plan is entitled to the benefits of our BoardSection 421(a) of Directors, all Named Executive Officers, and all executive officers and directorsthe Code. Under Section 421(a), an optionee will not be required to recognize income at the time the option is granted or at the time the option is exercised, except to the extent that the optionee is subject to the alternative minimum tax. If the applicable holding periods described below are met, when the shares of stock received upon exercise of an incentive stock option are sold or otherwise disposed of in a taxable transaction, the option holder will recognize compensation income (taxed as a group. Except as indicated below,long-term capital gain), for the addresstaxable year in which disposition occurs, in an amount equal to the excess of the fair market value of the Common Stock at the time of such disposition over the amount paid for each director and executive officer listed is: c/o Oncocyte Corporation, 15 Cushing, Irvine, CA 92618.the shares.

 

Name 

Number of Shares

  

Percent of Total(1)

 
John Peter Gutfreund(2)  8,429,775   5.01%
Andrew Arno(3)  1,276,268   * 
Alfred D. Kingsley(4)  906,523   * 
Andrew J. Last(5)  308,690   * 
Joshua Riggs(6)  134,917   * 
Jennifer Levin Carter(7)  122,500   * 
Anish John(8)  80,469   * 
Louis E. Silverman  50   * 
James Liu(9)  5,591   * 
All executive officers and directors as a group (9 persons)(10)  11,264,783   6.65%

*Less than 1%We will not be entitled to any business expense deduction with respect to the grant or exercise of an incentive stock option, except in connection with a disqualifying disposition as discussed below. No portion of the amount received by the optionee upon the sale of Common Stock acquired through the exercise of an incentive stock option will be subject to withholding for federal income taxes, or be subject to FICA or state disability taxes, except in connection with a disqualifying disposition.

 

(1)Percentages are based on 164,607,280 shares of common stock, no par value, outstanding as of April 24, 2023.
  
(2)Includes 3,085,047 shares of common stock and 3,564,728 shares that may be acquired upon the exercise of certain warrants held by Halle Special Situations Fund LLC. John Peter Gutfreund is the investment manager and a control person of Halle Capital Partners GP LLC, the managing member of Halle Special Situations Fund LLC. In such capacity, Mr. Gutfreund may be deemed to beneficially own these securities.
 
(3)Includes 673,133 shares held solely by Mr. Arno, 156,084 shares held by JBA Investments LLC (“JBA”) and 156,084 shares held by MJA Investments LLC (“MJA”). Mr. Arno is the Manager of each of JBA and MJA and in such capacity has the right to vote and dispose of securities held by JBA and MJA. Includes 248,520 shares that may be acquired through the exercise of stock options that are presently exercisable or that may become exercisable within 60 days and 52,447 shares that may be acquired upon the exercise of certain warrants.
(4)Includes 533,223 shares held solely by Mr. Kingsley, and 75,345 shares held by Greenbelt Corp. and 18,767 shares held by Greenway Partners, LP, which are affiliates of Mr. Kingsley. Mr. Kingsley is the President of Greenbelt Corp. and the General Partner of Greenway Partners, LP, and, in such capacities, has the right to vote and dispose of the securities held by the two entities. Includes 383,300 shares that may be acquired through the exercise of stock options that are presently exercisable or that may become exercisable within 60 days.
(5)Includes 248,520 shares that may be acquired through the exercise of stock options that are presently exercisable or that may become exercisable within 60 days.
(6)Includes 132,609 shares that may be acquired through the exercise of stock options that are presently exercisable or that may become exercisable within 60 days.
(7)Includes 102,000 shares that may be acquired through the exercise of stock options that are presently exercisable or that may become exercisable within 60 days.
(8)Includes 80,469 shares that may be acquired through the exercise of stock options that are presently exercisable or that may become exercisable within 60 days.
(9)Includes 5,591 shares that may be acquired through the exercise of stock options that are presently exercisable or that may become exercisable within 60 days.
(10)Includes 1,201,009 shares that may be acquired upon the exercise of certain stock options that are presently exercisable or that may become exercisable within 60 days, and 3,617,175 shares that may be acquired upon the exercise of certain warrants.

32
 

 

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONSIn order for a participant to receive the favorable tax treatment provided in Section 421(a) of the Code, Section 422 requires that the participant make no disposition of the option shares within two years from the date the option was granted, nor within one year from the date the option was exercised and the shares were transferred to the participant. In addition, the participant must, with certain exceptions for death or disability, be an employee of Oncocyte (or of a parent or subsidiary of Oncocyte, as defined in Section 424(e) and (f) of the Code, or a corporation, or parent or subsidiary thereof, issuing or assuming the option in a merger or other corporate reorganization transaction to which Section 424(a) of the Code applies) at all times within the period beginning on the date of the grant of the option and ending on a date within three months before the date of exercise. In the event of the death of the participant, the holding periods will not apply to a disposition of the option or option shares by the participant’s estate or by persons receiving the option or shares under the participant’s will or by intestate succession.

 

Certain SalesIf a participant disposes of Equity Securities

During January 2021, we sold a total of 7,301,410 shares of our common stock for $3.424 per share in an offering registered under the Securities Act of 1933 (as amended, the “Securities Act”). Broadwood purchased 1,460,280 shares, and Pura Vida purchased 5,841,130 shares, on the same terms as other investors.

During February 2021, we sold a total of 8,947,000 shares of our common stock for $4.50 per share in an offering registered under the Securities Act. Broadwood purchased 600,000 shares on the same terms as other investors.

During 2021, we entered into a Warrant Exercise Agreement with Broadwood, pursuant to which (i) we agreed to reduce the exercise price of a common stock warrant held by Broadwood to purchase up to 573,461 shares of common stock from $3.25 per share to $3.1525 per share; and (ii) Broadwood agreed to exercise the common stock warrant in full on or prior to September 30, 2021. Shortly after executing the Warrant Exercise Agreement, Broadwood exercised the common stock warrant in full and received 573,461 shares in exchange for payment to us of $1,807,835.81.

On April 13, 2022, Oncocyte entered into a securities purchase agreement with certain investors, including Broadwood and John Peter Gutfreund, a director of Oncocyte, in a registered direct offering of 11,765 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series A Preferred Stock”), which are convertible into a total of 7,689,542 shares of common stock, at a conversion price of $1.53 (the “Series A Preferred Stock Offering”). Each of Broadwood and Mr. Gutfreund purchased 2,941.17647 and 588.23529 shares, respectively, in the Series A Preferred Stock Offering and on the same terms as other investors. Broadwood and Mr. Gutfreund specifically paid $5,000,000 and $1,000,000, respectively, in connection with their purchase of the Series A Preferred Stock. Additionally, Halle Capital Management, L.P. received $85,000 from the Company as reimbursement for its legal fees and expenses. Mr. Gutfreund is the Managing Partner of Halle Capital Management, L.P.

Further, on April 13, 2022, Oncocyte entered into the Underwriting Agreement with the Underwriters for the Underwritten Offering. Pursuant to the Underwritten Offering, Broadwood acquired from us (i) 5,220,654 shares of common stock, and (ii) 6,003,752 April 2022 Warrants to purchase up to 3,001,876 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $1.53 per share. However, the total number of shares of common stock that Broadwood purchased in the Underwritten Offering was 6,003,752, of which 783,098 existing shares were acquired by the underwriters in the open market and re-sold to Broadwood. Certain funds and accounts managed by Pura Vida Investments (collectively, “Pura Vida”) acquired from us (i) 4,984,093 shares of common stock, and (ii) 5,731,707 April 2022 Warrants to purchase up to 2,865,853 shares of common stock. However, the total number of shares of common stock that Pura Vida purchased in the Underwritten Offering was 5,731,707, of which 747,614 existing shares were acquired by the underwriters in the open market and re-sold to Pura Vida. Halle Special Situations Fund LLC purchased from us (i) 6,199,527 shares of common stock, and (ii) 7,129,456 2022 Warrants to purchase up to 3,564,728 shares of common stock. However, the total number of shares of common stock that Halle Special Situations Fund LLC purchased in the Underwritten was 7,129,456, of which 929,929 existing shares were acquired by the underwriters in the open market and re-sold to Halle Special Situations Fund LLC. Mr. Gutfreund is the investment manager and a control person of Halle Capital Partners GP LLC, the managing member of Halle Special Situations Fund LLC. The aggregate purchase price paid for the 6,003,752 shares of Common Stock and the Warrants purchased by Broadwood pursuant to the Underwritten Offering was $7,999,999.54. The aggregate purchase price paid forexercise of an incentive stock option before the 5,731,707 sharesexpiration of Common Stock and the Warrants purchased by Pura Vida pursuantholding period requirements set forth above, the participant will realize, at the time of the disposition, ordinary income to the Underwritten Offering was $7,637,499.58. The aggregate purchase price paid forextent the 7,129,456 shares of common stock and the 2022 Warrants purchased by Halle Special Situations Fund LLC pursuant to the Underwritten Offer was $9,500,000.12. 

On April 3, 2023, Oncocyte entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “2023 Securities Purchase Agreement”) with certain investors, including Broadwood, Pura Vida and entities affiliated with AWM, and certain directors, including Andrew Arno and John Peter Gutfreund (and certain of their affiliated parties), which provides for the sale and issuance by the Company of an aggregate of 45,494,198 shares of common stock at an offering price of: (i) $0.30168 to investors who are not considered to be “insiders” of the Company pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rules (“Insiders”), which amount reflects the average closing pricefair market value of the Common Stock on Nasdaq during the five trading day period immediately prior to pricing, and (ii) $0.35440 to Insiders, which amount reflectsdate the final closing priceshares were purchased exceeded the purchase price. The difference between the fair market value of the Common Stock on Nasdaqthe date the shares were purchased and the amount realized on disposition is treated as long-term or short-term capital gain or loss, depending on the last trading day immediately prior to pricing (the “2023 Registered Direct Offering”). Broadwood purchased 26,827,638participant’s holding period of the shares of common stockCommon Stock. The amount treated as ordinary income may be subject to the income tax withholding requirements of the Code and FICA withholding requirements. The participant will be required to reimburse us, either directly or through payroll deduction, for $8,093,361.84, Pura Vida purchased 663,000 sharesall withholding taxes that we are required to pay on behalf of common stock for $200,013.84the participant. At the time of the disposition, we will be allowed a corresponding business expense deduction under Section 162 of the Code to the extent of the amount of the participant’s ordinary income. We may adopt procedures to assist us in identifying such deductions, and entities affiliated with AVM purchased 9,447,096 sharesmay require a participant to notify us of common stock for $2,849,999.92. Mr. Arno and his affiliated parties purchased 423,252 sharesor her intention to dispose of common stock for $150,000.51, and Mr. Gutfreund and his affiliated parties purchased 1,705,000 for $604,252.00.any such shares.

 

On April 5, 2023, Oncocyte redeemed allRegardless of whether a participant satisfies the requisite holding period for his or her option and shares, the participant may be subject to the alternative minimum tax with respect to the amount by which the fair market value of the 588.23529 sharesCommon Stock acquired exceeded the exercise price of Series A Preferred Stock held by Mr. Gutfreund for $618,672.34.the option on the date of exercise.

 

Company Employee(s)Other Options

The Company employs Andrew Arno’s sonIncentive Plan also permits us to grant options that do not qualify as its Senior Manager, Investor Relations, Corporate Planning & Development. Asincentive stock options. These “non-qualified” stock options may be granted to employees or non-employees, such as persons performing consulting or professional services for us. An Incentive Plan participant who receives a non-qualified option will not be taxed at the time of April 24, 2023,receipt of the total compensationoption, provided that the option does not have an ascertainable value or an exercise price below fair market value of the Common Stock on the date of grant, but the participant will be taxed at the time the option is exercised.

The amount of taxable income that will be earned upon exercise of a non-qualified option will be the difference between the fair market value of the Common Stock on the date of the exercise and the exercise price of the option. We will be allowed a business expense deduction to the extent of the amount of the participant’s taxable income recognized upon the exercise of a non-qualified option. Because the option holder is subject to tax immediately upon exercise of the option, there are no applicable holding periods for the stock. The option holder’s tax basis in the Common Stock purchased through the exercise of a non-qualified option will be equal to the exercise price paid byfor the Companystock plus the amount of taxable gain recognized upon the exercise of the option. The option holder may be subject to Mr. Arno’s son since January 1, 2022 is approximately $159,642 .additional tax on sale of the stock if the price realized exceeds his or her tax basis.

 

DELINQUENT SECTION 16(a) REPORTSSARs; Restricted Stock; and Restricted Stock Units

 

Section 16(a)A recipient of an SAR will not recognize taxable income upon the grant of the Exchange Act requires our executive officers, directors,SAR. The recipient of the SAR will recognize ordinary income upon exercise of the SAR in an amount equal to the difference between the fair market value of the shares and persons who own more than 10%the exercise price on the date of exercise. Any gain or loss recognized upon any later disposition of the shares generally will be a capital gain or loss.

A recipient of a registered classRestricted Stock Award will not have taxable income upon the grant, unless the Restricted Stock is then vested, or unless the recipient elects under Section 83(b) of securities,the Code to file initial reportsbe taxed at the time of ownershipgrant. Otherwise, upon vesting of our stock and reportsthe shares, the recipient will recognize ordinary income equal to the fair market value of changes inthe shares at the time of vesting less the amount paid for such ownership withshares, if any. Any gain or loss recognized upon any later disposition of the SEC. To our knowledge, all required filings pursuant to Section 16(a) were timely made during fiscal year 2022, except for the filings identified below.shares generally will be a capital gain or loss.

 

One Form 4 with respect to one transaction for each of Cavan Redmond, Melinda Griffith, Andrew Arno, Jennifer Levin Carter and Andrew J. Last were not filed timely due to a technical error. One Form 4 in connection with the departure of Ronald Andrews, one Form 4 with respect to one transaction for Anish John and one Form 3 in connection with Mr. John’s prior appointment as Senior Vice President, Finance, and interim Chief Financial Officer, were not timely filed due to an administrative error.

33
 

 

PROPOSAL 2: RATIFICATION OF THE SELECTION OF OUR INDEPENDENT REGISTEREDA recipient of a Restricted Stock Unit does not recognize taxable income when the Award is granted. When vested Restricted Stock Unit (and dividend equivalents, if any) is settled and distributed, the participant will recognize ordinary income equal to the amount of cash or the fair market value of shares received, less the amount paid for the Restricted Stock Unit, if any.

PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTSERISA

 

The Incentive Plan is not subject to the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, and is not qualified under Code Section 401(a).

New Plan Benefits

If our shareholders approve this Proposal, the number of shares subject to Awards that may be received by any individual participant under our Incentive Plan will be in the discretion of our Compensation Committee and Board of Directors, has selected WithumSmith+Brown, PC (“Withum”) as our independent registered public accountants for the fiscal year ending 2023. Withum has served as our independent registered public accountants since July 19, 2021. The Board of Directors proposes and recommends that the shareholders ratify the selection of the firm of Withum to serve as our independent registered public accountants for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2023.

Changestherefore cannot be determined in Certifying Accountant

On July 15, 2021, Withum, an independent registered public accounting firm, acquired certain assets of OUM & Co. LLP (“OUM”), our independent registered public accounting firm since the fourth quarter of 2015, through a transaction in which OUM’s partners and professional staff joined Withum as partners or employees. As a result of this transaction, on July 15, 2021, OUM resigned as our independent registered public accounting firm, and on July 19, 2021 the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors approved the engagement of Withum as our new independent registered public accounting firm.

The audit reports of OUM on the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 did not contain an adverse opinion or a disclaimer of opinion, and were not qualified or modified as to uncertainty, audit scope or accounting principles. During the two most recent fiscal years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, and through the subsequent interim periods preceding OUM’s resignation, there were no disagreements between us and OUM on any matter of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure, or auditing scope or procedures, which disagreements, if not resolved to the satisfaction of OUM would have caused them to make reference thereto in their reports on our financial statements for such years. During the two most recent fiscal years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, and through the subsequent interim periods preceding OUM’s resignation, there were no reportable events within the meaning set forth in Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K.

We provided OUM a copy of the disclosures in the Form 8-K dated July 15, 2021 (“Form 8-K”) and we requested that OUM furnish us with a letter addressed to the Securities and Exchange Commission stating whether or not they agree with the statements contained in the Form 8-K. A copy of OUM’s letter dated July 20, 2021 was filed as Exhibit 16.1 to the Form 8-K.

During our two most recent fiscal years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, and through the subsequent interim periods preceding Withum’s engagement, we did not consult with Withum on either (1) the application of accounting principles to a specified transaction, either completed or proposed; or the type of audit opinion that may be rendered on our financial statements, and Withum did not provide either a written report or oral advice to us that Withum concluded was an important factor considered by us in reaching a decision as to the accounting, auditing or financial reporting issue; or (2) any matter that was either the subject of a disagreement with OUM or a reportable event, as defined in Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K.advance.

 

Required Vote

 

Approval of the selection of Withum to serve as our independent registered public accountants requires theThe affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of common stock represented at the Meeting,entitled to vote, provided that a quorum is present.present, is required to approve the Plan Amendment. Unless otherwise directed by the shareholders, proxies will be voted FOR approval of the selection of Withum to audit our financial statements.this Proposal.

We expect that a representative of Withum will be present at the Meeting, by conference telephone, and will have an opportunity to make a statement if he or she so desires and may respond to appropriate questions from shareholders. 

 

The Board of Directors Recommendsrecommends a Votevote “FOR” Ratificationapproving an amendment to the Incentive Plan to eliminate the limitation on the number of shares of our Common Stock that can be granted to any individual participant under the Selection of Withum as Our

Independent Registered Public Accountants for the Fiscal Year Ending December 31, 2023Incentive Plan during any one (1)-year period.

 

Audit Fees, Audit Related Fees, Tax Fees and Other FeesPRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS

 

The following table sets forth information as of June 28, 2023 concerning beneficial ownership of our Common Stock by each shareholder, who is not a director or officer of the aggregate Audit, Audit Related and Tax Fees billedCompany, known by us to us duringbe the fiscal years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:beneficial owner of more than 5% of our outstanding shares of Common Stock. Information concerning certain beneficial owners of more than 5% of the outstanding Common Stock is based upon information disclosed by such owners in their reports on Schedule 13D or Schedule 13G and/or Section 16 reports.

 

  2022  2021 
Audit Fees (1) $423,124  $269,880 
Audit Related Fees (2)  184,164   358,119 
Tax Fees(3)  122,424   172,457 
Total Fees $729,712  $800,456 
Shareholder Number of Shares  Percent of Total(1) 
       

Broadwood Partners, L.P.(2)

Broadwood Capital, Inc.

Neal Bradsher

724 Fifth Avenue, 9th Floor

New York, New York 10019

  57,128,042   34.66%
         

AWM Investment Company, Inc.(3)

c/o Special Situations Funds

527 Madison Avenue, Suite 2600

New York, NY 10022

  16,701,318   10.13%
         

Pura Vida Investments, LLC (4)

Efrem Kamen

150 East 52nd Street, Suite 32001

New York, NY 10022

  16,641,824   9.99%

 

(1)Audit Fees consistPercentages are based on 164,821,077 shares of fees billed by Withum and OUM for professional services rendered for the auditCommon Stock outstanding as of Oncocyte’s annual financial statements included in our Original Report, and review of the interim financial statements included in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, as applicable, and services that are normally provided by our independent registered public accountants in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements.June 28, 2023.
  
(2)Audit-Related Fees consist of fees billed by Withum and OUM for assurance and related services that are reasonably relatedAccording to the performanceSchedule 13D/A filed on April 7, 2023, includes 57,128,042 shares beneficially owned by Broadwood Partners, L.P. (“Broadwood”), as adjusted to include shares issuable upon conversion of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and exercise of warrants beneficially owned by Broadwood, and 3,145 shares owned by Neal Bradsher. Broadwood Capital, Inc. is the audit or reviewgeneral partner of our consolidated financial statementsBroadwood. Neal Bradsher is the President of Broadwood Capital, Inc. Broadwood Capital, Inc. shares voting power over and are not reported under “Audit Fees.” This category includes fees relatedmay be deemed to non-routine SEC filings.beneficially own the 57,128,042 shares owned by Broadwood. Mr. Bradsher shares voting power over and may be deemed to beneficially own 57,128,042 shares owned by Broadwood.
  

(3)Tax Fees consistIncludes shares of feesCommon Stock and warrants held by Special Situations Cayman Fund, L.P. (“Cayman”), Special Situations Fund III QP, L.P. (“SSFQP”), Special Situations Private Equity Fund, L.P. (“SSPE”) and Special Situations Life Sciences Fund, L.P. (“SSLS”). AWM Investment Company, Inc. (“AWM”) is the investment adviser to Cayman, SSFQP, SSPE and SSLS (collectively, the “Funds”). According to the Schedule 13G filed on February 14, 2023, AWM is the investment adviser to the Funds and, as of February 14, 2023, holds sole voting and investment power over 1,428,322 shares of Common Stock and 656,661 warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock held by Cayman, 5,075,432 shares and 2,345,216 warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock held by SSFQP, 750,468 shares and 375,234 warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock held by SSPE, and 375,234 warrants to purchase shares of common Stock held by SSLS. The warrants may only be exercised to the extent that the total number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned does not exceed 4.99% of the outstanding shares.
In April 2023, SSFQP purchased an additional 6,327,744 shares of Common Stock, Cayman purchased an additional 1,893,997 shares of Common Stock and SSPE purchased an additional 1,225,355 shares of Common Stock.
(4)According to the Schedule 13G/A filed on April 14, 2023, includes 14,829,163 shares of Common Stock and warrants to purchase up to 1,812,661 shares of Common Stock held by Pura Vida Master Fund, Ltd. (the “Pura Vida Master Fund”), Pura Vida X Fund LP (the “Pura Vida X Fund”) and certain separately managed accounts (the “Accounts”). The warrants are subject to an ownership blocker provision that prevents the Accounts from exercising the warrants if they would have voting and dispositive power for professional services billedmore than 9.99% of the Common Stock outstanding following such exercise. Pura Vida Investments, LLC (“PVI”) serves as the investment manager to the Pura Vida Master Fund, Pura Vida X Fund and the Accounts. Efrem Kamen serves as the managing member of PVI. PVI and Mr. Kamen may be deemed to have shared voting and dispositive power with respect to the shares owned directly by Moss Adams, LLP rendered in connection with the preparationPura Vida Master Fund, Pura Vida X Fund and the Accounts. PVI, Mr. Kamen and Pura Vida Master Fund disclaim beneficial ownership of consolidated and subsidiary federal and state income tax returns, and tax related provision work, research, compliance and consulting.those shares except to the extent of their pecuniary interest therein.

 

Pre-Approval of Audit and Permissible Non-Audit Services

Our Audit Committee requires pre-approval of all audit and non-audit services. Other than de minimis services incidental to audit services, non-audit services shall generally be limited to tax services such as advice and planning and financial due diligence services. All fees for such non-audit services must be approved by the Audit Committee, except to the extent otherwise permitted by applicable SEC regulations. The Audit Committee may delegate to one or more designated members of the Audit Committee the authority to grant pre-approvals, provided such approvals are presented to the Audit Committee at a subsequent meeting. During 2022 and 2021, all of the fees paid to Withum and OUM, as applicable, were approved by the Audit Committee.

PROPOSAL 3: SAY ON PAY PROPOSAL

In accordance with Section 14A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”), enacted on July 21, 2010, we are required to seek, on a non-binding advisory basis, shareholder approval of the compensation of our named executive officers as described in this proxy statement. This proposal, commonly known as a “say-on-pay” proposal, gives our shareholders the opportunity to express their views on the compensation of our named executive officers.

Our executive compensation program is designed with the intention of effecting the following goals:

Attract, motivate and retain highly-qualified executive officers in a competitive market;
Provide compensation to our executives that are competitive and reward the achievement of challenging business objectives; and
Align our executive officers’ interests with those of our shareholders by providing a significant portion of total compensation in the form of equity awards.

Our Board of Directors believes that our current executive compensation program must be regularly reviewed and revised as necessary to ensure alignment of our executive officers’ interests with those of our shareholders. Shareholders are urged to read the “Executive Compensation” section of this proxy statement, which further discusses how our executive compensation policies and procedures implement our compensation philosophy and contains tabular information and narrative discussion about the compensation of our named executive officers.

The Compensation Committee and the Board of Directors believe that these policies and procedures are effective in implementing our compensation philosophy and in achieving our goals. Accordingly, we are asking our shareholders to indicate their support for the compensation of our named executive officers as described in this proxy statement and vote to approve the following resolution:

RESOLVED, that the compensation paid to the Company’s named executive officers, as disclosed in this Proxy Statement pursuant to the compensation disclosure rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission, is hereby APPROVED.

Required Vote

The affirmative vote of a majority of the shares represented at the Meeting, provided that a quorum is present, is required to approve, on an advisory basis, the say on pay proposal. As an advisory vote, this proposal is not binding upon us. However, the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors, which is responsible for designing and administering our executive compensation program, values the opinions expressed by our shareholders and will consider the outcome of the vote when making future compensation decisions.

Our Board of Directors recommends a vote “FOR” the approval of the compensation

of our named executive officers as disclosed in this proxy statement.

36
 

 

PROPOSAL 4: INCENTIVE PLAN AMENDMENT

We are asking our shareholders to approve an amendment to our Incentive Plan (the “Incentive Plan Amendment”) that, if approved, will make an additional 5,000,000 shares of our Common Stock available for the grant of Awards to our employees, directors, and consultants. A copy of the full text of the Incentive Plan Amendment is attached to this Proxy Statement as Appendix A. A summary of the Incentive Plan can be found in this Proxy Statement under “EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION-The Incentive Plan.”

Reasons for the Incentive Plan Amendment Proposal

Stock options and other equity-based Awards are an important part of employee and director compensation packages. The Board strongly believes that our ability to attract and retain the services of employees, consultants, and directors depends in great measure upon our ability to provide the kind of incentives that are derived from the ownership of stock, stock options, and other equity based incentives that are offered by other diagnostic companies. We believe that we will be placed at a serious competitive disadvantage in attracting and retaining capable employees, consultants, and directors at a critical time in our corporate development, unless the Incentive Plan Amendment is approved by our shareholders.

As of April 24, 2023, approximately 7,925,838 shares of Common Stock remained available for the grant of Awards under the Incentive Plan, which our Board believes may not be sufficient for our needs. As of that date, we had 47 full-time and part-time employees and six non-employee directors who are eligible to receive Awards under the Incentive Plan. We expect to need additional shares for Awards to retain our current executives and key employees, and especially to hire new executives and employees for our operations. We also engage consultants from time to time, and although we may grant consultants equity awards under the Incentive Plan we have no plans to do so at this time. Also, our bylaws permit us to have as many as ten directors, which means that the number of non-employee directors eligible to receive Awards under the Incentive Plan may increase in the future as well. 

The Board believes that the addition of 5,000,000 shares of Common Stock for the grant of Awards under the Incentive Plan will fulfill our needs for the near future. Any future increase in the number of shares under the Incentive Plan would be submitted to the shareholders for approval. Although the Incentive Plan Amendment has been approved by our Board of Directors, the Incentive Plan Amendment has not yet been approved by our shareholders.

Future Incentive Plan Awards

 

Awards under the Incentive Plan are within the discretion of our Compensation Committee and Board of Directors. The exercise price and value of each Award will reflect the market price of our Common Stock at the time of the Award. We intend to continue our practice of granting options to newly hired employees. We also intend to issue equity awards toIt is likely that we will add other employees, including officers, and employees as part of incentive programs, which may include a mix of time-based and performance-based awards related tofor new product development and commercialization.

Ifcommercialization, and we may add other administrative personnel, including officers, as the Incentive Plan Amendment is approved byneed arises or if we expand our shareholders,operations through the compensationacquisition of our executives who can have the most impact on our growth may include performance-based stock options and/or RSUs (“Performance Awards”). The goal of these Performance Awards is to incentivize these executives to continue to grow our company over the ensuing years, combined with providing additional retention of executive talent. Performance Awards will be awards that will vest upon the attainment of performance goals set by the Board of Directors or the Compensation Committee.other businesses.

 

Future Awards under the Incentive Plan, including to our non-employee directors and to our officers, are not determinable at this time. Our Compensation Committee and Board of Directors have guidelines for determining option awards based upon the professional level of each employee in the organization, but the ultimate decision to grant Awards will also be based on each employee’s and Oncocyte’s annual performance. Accordingly, the number and value of additional Awards that might be granted to our executive officers and other employees is not presently determinable.

The following table shows certain information concerningdeterminable and our Compensation Committee and the options outstandingBoard of Directors will need flexibility in granting Awards in order to adequately compensate, retain and available for issuance under all of our compensation plans and agreements as of December 31, 2022 (in thousands, except weighted average exercise price):recruit talented individuals to the Company.

Plan Category 

Number of

Shares to

be Issued upon

Exercise of

Outstanding

Options,

Warrants

and Rights (1)

  

Weighted

Average

Exercise Price

of
the Outstanding

Options,

Warrants and

Rights (1)

  Number of Shares
Remaining
Available
for Future
Issuance
under Equity
Compensation
Plans (2)
 
Oncocyte Stock Option Plans Approved by Shareholders  9,168  $2.96   10,804 

(1)Includes both our 2010 Employee Stock Option Plan and our 2018 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended.
(2)All shares remaining available for future issuance are under our 2018 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended.

 

Federal Income Tax Consequence of Participation in the Incentive Plan

 

The following discussion summarizes certain federal income tax consequences of participation in the Incentive Plan. Although we believe the following statements are correct based on existing provisions of the Internal Revenue Code, of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) and the regulations thereunder, the Code or regulations may be amended from time to time, and future judicial interpretations may affect the veracity of the discussion.

 

Incentive Stock Options

 

Under Section 422(a) of the Code, the grant and exercise of an incentive stock option pursuant to the Incentive Plan is entitled to the benefits of Section 421(a) of the Code. Under Section 421(a), an optionee will not be required to recognize income at the time the option is granted or at the time the option is exercised, except to the extent that the optionee is subject to the alternative minimum tax. If the applicable holding periods described below are met, when the shares of stock received upon exercise of an incentive stock option are sold or otherwise disposed of in a taxable transaction, the option holder will recognize compensation income (taxed as a long termlong-term capital gain), for the taxable year in which disposition occurs, in an amount equal to the excess of the fair market value of the common stockCommon Stock at the time of such disposition over the amount paid for the shares.

 

We will not be entitled to any business expense deduction with respect to the grant or exercise of an incentive stock option, except in connection with a disqualifying disposition as discussed below. No portion of the amount received by the optionee upon the sale of common stockCommon Stock acquired through the exercise of an incentive stock option will be subject to withholding for federal income taxes, or be subject to FICA or state disability taxes, except in connection with a disqualifying disposition.

 

In order for a participant to receive the favorable tax treatment provided in Section 421(a) of the Code, Section 422 requires that the participant make no disposition of the option shares within two years from the date the option was granted, nor within one year from the date the option was exercised and the shares were transferred to the participant. In addition, the participant must, with certain exceptions for death or disability, be an employee of Oncocyte (or of a parent or subsidiary of Oncocyte, as defined in Section 424(e) and (f) of the Code, or a corporation, or parent or subsidiary thereof, issuing or assuming the option in a merger or other corporate reorganization transaction to which Section 424(a) of the Code applies) at all times within the period beginning on the date of the grant of the option and ending on a date within three months before the date of exercise. In the event of the death of the participant, the holding periods will not apply to a disposition of the option or option shares by the participant’s estate or by persons receiving the option or shares under the participant’s will or by intestate succession.

 

If a participant disposes of stock acquired pursuant to the exercise of an incentive stock option before the expiration of the holding period requirements set forth above, the participant will realize, at the time of the disposition, ordinary income to the extent the fair market value of the common stockCommon Stock on the date the shares were purchased exceeded the purchase price. The difference between the fair market value of the common stockCommon Stock on the date the shares were purchased and the amount realized on disposition is treated as long-term or short-term capital gain or loss, depending on the participant’s holding period of the shares of common stock.Common Stock. The amount treated as ordinary income may be subject to the income tax withholding requirements of the Code and FICA withholding requirements. The participant will be required to reimburse us, either directly or through payroll deduction, for all withholding taxes that we are required to pay on behalf of the participant. At the time of the disposition, we will be allowed a corresponding business expense deduction under Section 162 of the Code to the extent of the amount of the participant’s ordinary income. We may adopt procedures to assist us in identifying such deductions, and may require a participant to notify us of his or her intention to dispose of any such shares.

 

Regardless of whether a participant satisfies the requisite holding period for his or her option and shares, the participant may be subject to the alternative minimum tax with respect to the amount by which the fair market value of the common stockCommon Stock acquired exceeded the exercise price of the option on the date of exercise.

 

Other Options

 

The Incentive Plan also permits us to grant options that do not qualify as incentive stock options. These “non-qualified” stock options may be granted to employees or non-employees, such as persons performing consulting or professional services for us. An Incentive Plan participant who receives a non-qualified option will not be taxed at the time of receipt of the option, provided that the option does not have an ascertainable value or an exercise price below fair market value of the common stockCommon Stock on the date of grant, but the participant will be taxed at the time the option is exercised.

 

The amount of taxable income that will be earned upon exercise of a non-qualified option will be the difference between the fair market value of the common stockCommon Stock on the date of the exercise and the exercise price of the option. We will be allowed a business expense deduction to the extent of the amount of the participant’s taxable income recognized upon the exercise of a non-qualified option. Because the option holder is subject to tax immediately upon exercise of the option, there are no applicable holding periods for the stock. The option holder’s tax basis in the common stockCommon Stock purchased through the exercise of a non-qualified option will be equal to the exercise price paid for the stock plus the amount of taxable gain recognized upon the exercise of the option. The option holder may be subject to additional tax on sale of the stock if the price realized exceeds his or her tax basis.

 

SARs; Restricted Stock; and Restricted Stock Units

 

A recipient of an SAR will not recognize taxable income upon the grant of the SAR. The recipient of the SAR will recognize ordinary income upon exercise of the SAR in an amount equal to the difference between the fair market value of the shares and the exercise price on the date of exercise. Any gain or loss recognized upon any later disposition of the shares generally will be a capital gain or loss.

 

A recipient of a Restricted Stock Award will not have taxable income upon the grant, unless the Restricted Stock is then vested, or unless the recipient elects under Section 83(b) of the Code to be taxed at the time of grant. Otherwise, upon vesting of the shares, the recipient will recognize ordinary income equal to the fair market value of the shares at the time of vesting less the amount paid for such shares, if any. Any gain or loss recognized upon any later disposition of the shares generally will be a capital gain or loss.

 

A recipient of a Restricted Stock Unit does not recognize taxable income when the Award is granted. When vested Restricted Stock Unit (and dividend equivalents, if any) is settled and distributed, the participant will recognize ordinary income equal to the amount of cash or the fair market value of shares received, less the amount paid for the Restricted Stock Unit, if any.

 

ERISA

 

The Incentive Plan is not subject to the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, and is not qualified under Code Section 401(a).

New Plan Benefits

If our shareholders approve this Proposal, the number of shares subject to Awards that may be received by any individual participant under our Incentive Plan will be in the discretion of our Compensation Committee and Board of Directors, and therefore cannot be determined in advance.

Required Vote

 

Approval of the Incentive Plan Amendment requires theThe affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares represented at the Meeting,entitled to vote, provided that a quorum is present.present, is required to approve the Plan Amendment. Unless otherwise directed by the shareholders, proxies will be voted FOR approval of the Incentive Plan Amendmentthis Proposal.

 

OurThe Board of Directors Recommendsrecommends a vote “FOR” the approval ofapproving an amendment to the Incentive Plan Amendment Proposalto eliminate the limitation on the number of shares of our Common Stock that can be granted to any individual participant under the Incentive Plan during any one (1)-year period.

 

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PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS

The following table sets forth information as of June 28, 2023 concerning beneficial ownership of our Common Stock by each shareholder, who is not a director or officer of the Company, known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of our outstanding shares of Common Stock. Information concerning certain beneficial owners of more than 5% of the outstanding Common Stock is based upon information disclosed by such owners in their reports on Schedule 13D or Schedule 13G and/or Section 16 reports.

Shareholder Number of Shares  Percent of Total(1) 
       

Broadwood Partners, L.P.(2)

Broadwood Capital, Inc.

Neal Bradsher

724 Fifth Avenue, 9th Floor

New York, New York 10019

  57,128,042   34.66%
         

AWM Investment Company, Inc.(3)

c/o Special Situations Funds

527 Madison Avenue, Suite 2600

New York, NY 10022

  16,701,318   10.13%
         

Pura Vida Investments, LLC (4)

Efrem Kamen

150 East 52nd Street, Suite 32001

New York, NY 10022

  16,641,824   9.99%

(1)Percentages are based on 164,821,077 shares of Common Stock outstanding as of June 28, 2023.
(2)According to the Schedule 13D/A filed on April 7, 2023, includes 57,128,042 shares beneficially owned by Broadwood Partners, L.P. (“Broadwood”), as adjusted to include shares issuable upon conversion of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and exercise of warrants beneficially owned by Broadwood, and 3,145 shares owned by Neal Bradsher. Broadwood Capital, Inc. is the general partner of Broadwood. Neal Bradsher is the President of Broadwood Capital, Inc. Broadwood Capital, Inc. shares voting power over and may be deemed to beneficially own the 57,128,042 shares owned by Broadwood. Mr. Bradsher shares voting power over and may be deemed to beneficially own 57,128,042 shares owned by Broadwood.

(3)Includes shares of Common Stock and warrants held by Special Situations Cayman Fund, L.P. (“Cayman”), Special Situations Fund III QP, L.P. (“SSFQP”), Special Situations Private Equity Fund, L.P. (“SSPE”) and Special Situations Life Sciences Fund, L.P. (“SSLS”). AWM Investment Company, Inc. (“AWM”) is the investment adviser to Cayman, SSFQP, SSPE and SSLS (collectively, the “Funds”). According to the Schedule 13G filed on February 14, 2023, AWM is the investment adviser to the Funds and, as of February 14, 2023, holds sole voting and investment power over 1,428,322 shares of Common Stock and 656,661 warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock held by Cayman, 5,075,432 shares and 2,345,216 warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock held by SSFQP, 750,468 shares and 375,234 warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock held by SSPE, and 375,234 warrants to purchase shares of common Stock held by SSLS. The warrants may only be exercised to the extent that the total number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned does not exceed 4.99% of the outstanding shares.
In April 2023, SSFQP purchased an additional 6,327,744 shares of Common Stock, Cayman purchased an additional 1,893,997 shares of Common Stock and SSPE purchased an additional 1,225,355 shares of Common Stock.
(4)According to the Schedule 13G/A filed on April 14, 2023, includes 14,829,163 shares of Common Stock and warrants to purchase up to 1,812,661 shares of Common Stock held by Pura Vida Master Fund, Ltd. (the “Pura Vida Master Fund”), Pura Vida X Fund LP (the “Pura Vida X Fund”) and certain separately managed accounts (the “Accounts”). The warrants are subject to an ownership blocker provision that prevents the Accounts from exercising the warrants if they would have voting and dispositive power for more than 9.99% of the Common Stock outstanding following such exercise. Pura Vida Investments, LLC (“PVI”) serves as the investment manager to the Pura Vida Master Fund, Pura Vida X Fund and the Accounts. Efrem Kamen serves as the managing member of PVI. PVI and Mr. Kamen may be deemed to have shared voting and dispositive power with respect to the shares owned directly by the Pura Vida Master Fund, Pura Vida X Fund and the Accounts. PVI, Mr. Kamen and Pura Vida Master Fund disclaim beneficial ownership of those shares except to the extent of their pecuniary interest therein.

Security Ownership of Management

The following table sets forth information as of June 28, 2023 concerning beneficial ownership of our Common Stock and equity awards by each member of our Board of Directors, all Named Executive Officers, and all executive officers and directors as a group. Except as indicated below, the address for each director and executive officer listed is: c/o Oncocyte Corporation, 15 Cushing, Irvine, CA 92618.

Name Number of Shares  Percent of Total(1) 
Andrew Arno(2)  1,331,268   * 
Alfred D. Kingsley(3)  991,523   * 
Andrew J. Last(4)  363,690   * 
Joshua Riggs(5)  144,919   * 
Anish John(6)  386,278   * 
Louis E. Silverman  50   * 
James Liu(7)  6,102   * 
All executive officers and directors as a group (7 persons)(8)  3,223,930   1.94%

*Less than 1%

(1)Percentages are based on 164,821,077 shares of Common Stock outstanding as of June 28, 2023.
(2)Includes 663,133 shares of common stock held solely by Mr. Arno, 156,084 shares held by JBA Investments LLC (“JBA”) and 156,084 shares held by MJA Investments LLC (“MJA”). Mr. Arno is the Manager of each of JBA and MJA and in such capacity has the right to vote and dispose of securities held by JBA and MJA. Includes (i) 293,520 shares that may be acquired through the exercise of stock options that are presently exercisable or that may become exercisable within 60 days and 52,447 shares that may be acquired upon the exercise of certain warrants, and (ii) 10,000 restricted stock units that will vest within 60 days.
(3)Includes 459,111 shares held solely by Mr. Kingsley, and 75,345 shares held by Greenbelt Corp. and 18,767 shares held by Greenway Partners, LP, which are affiliates of Mr. Kingsley. Mr. Kingsley is the President of Greenbelt Corp. and the General Partner of Greenway Partners, LP, and, in such capacities, has the right to vote and dispose of the securities held by the two entities. Includes (i) 428,300 shares that may be acquired through the exercise of stock options that are presently exercisable or that may become exercisable within 60 days, and (ii) 10,000 restricted stock units that will vest within 60 days.
(4)Includes (i) 293,520 shares that may be acquired through the exercise of stock options that are presently exercisable or that may become exercisable within 60 days, and (ii) 10,000 restricted stock units that will vest within 60 days.
(5)Includes (i) 142,611 shares that may be acquired through the exercise of stock options that are presently exercisable or that may become exercisable within 60 days, and (ii) 10,000 restricted stock units that will vest within 60 days.
(6)Includes 386,378 shares that may be acquired through the exercise of stock options that are presently exercisable or that may become exercisable within 60 days. Mr. John’s employment with the Company ended on June 15, 2023. Pursuant to his severance agreement, certain equity awards that were scheduled to vest based on the passage of time during the 12 months following his separation date became vested and exercisable on his separation date.
(7)Includes 6,102 shares that may be acquired through the exercise of stock options that are presently exercisable or that may become exercisable within 60 days.
(8)Includes (i) 1,550,431 shares that may be acquired upon the exercise of certain stock options that are presently exercisable or that may become exercisable within 60 days, (ii), 30,000 restricted stock units that will vest within 60 days, and (iii) 52,447 shares that may be acquired upon the exercise of certain warrants.

PROPOSALS OF SHAREHOLDERS

 

Under our bylaws, shareholders who intend to present a proposal for action at our 2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders must notify our management of such intention by notice received at our principal executive offices not earlier than February 24, 2024 and not later than March 25, 2024. Any such proposal must comply with the requirements set forth in our bylaws.

 

Shareholders who intend to present a proposal for action at our 2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders must notify our management of such intention by notice received at our principal executive offices not later than January 20, 2024 for such proposal to be included in our proxy statement and form of proxy relating to such meeting.

 

ANNUAL REPORT

Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, as amended, filed with the SEC for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, without exhibits, may be obtained by a shareholder without charge, upon written request to the Secretary of Oncocyte.

HOW TO ATTEND THE ANNUALSPECIAL MEETING

 

IMPORTANT NOTICE:

 

As explained below, we have made arrangements for our shareholders to attend the Meeting online in lieu of attending in person.

 

Whether you plan to attend the Meeting online, we encourage you to sign and return the enclosed proxy card and indicate how you wish your shares to be voted at the Meeting. If you do attend the Meeting you will be able to revoke your proxy and vote at the Meeting by following the instructions in this Proxy Statement. If you are unable to attend the Meeting and you do not revoke your proxy, your shares will be voted as indicated on your proxy card.

 

Participating in the Meeting Online

 

This year we have made arrangements for our shareholders to attend and vote at the Meeting online through electronic video screen communication. Shareholders who wish to attend the Meeting online you will need to gain admission in the manner described below. Shareholders who follow the procedures for attending the Meeting online will be able to vote at the Meeting and ask questions. If you do not comply with the procedures described here for attending the Meeting online, you will not be able to participate and vote at the Meeting online but may view the Meeting webcast by https://web.lumiagm.com/259974801 and following the instructions to log in as a guest using the password oncocyte2023. Although the Meeting will not be held in person, shareholders will, to the extent possible, be afforded the same rights and opportunities to participate at the virtual meeting similarly to how they would participate at an in-person meeting.

 

If you are a “shareholder of record” (meaning that you have a stock certificate registered in your own name), to attend and participate in the Meeting online you will need to visit https://web.lumiagm.com/259974801 and use the control number on your proxy card to log on. The password for the Meeting is oncocyte2023.

 

If you are a “street name” shareholder (meaning that your shares are held in an account at a broker-dealer firm) and you wish to participate and vote online at the Meeting, you must first obtain a valid legal proxy from your broker, bank or other agent and then register in advance to attend the Meeting. After obtaining a valid legal proxy from your broker, bank or other agent, you must register to attend the Meeting by submitting proof of your legal proxy reflecting the number of your shares along with your name and email address to American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC to receive a control number that may be used to access the Meeting online. Requests for registration should be directed to proxy@astfinancial.com or to facsimile number 718-765-8730. Written requests can be mailed to:

 

American Stock Transfer & Trust Company LLC

Attn: Proxy Tabulation Department

6201 15th Avenue

Brooklyn, NY 11219

 

Requests for registration must be labeled as “Legal Proxy” and be received no later than 5:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on June 16,July 14, 2023, five business daydays before the Meeting.

 

You will receive a confirmation of your registration by email after we receive your registration materials. You may attend the Meeting and vote your shares at https://web.lumiagm.com/259974801 during the Meeting. The password for the meeting is oncocyte2023. Follow the instructions provided to vote. We encourage you to access the Meeting prior to the start time leaving ample time for the check in.

 

By Order of the Board of Directors,

 

Peter Hong

Secretary

Irvine, California

May 19,July 10, 2023

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APPENDIX A

 

CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT
OF ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION OF
ONCOCYTE CORPORATION

2018 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN

 

Section 4.1Josh Riggs and Peter Hong certify that:

1. They are the President and Secretary, respectively, of Oncocyte Corporation, a California corporation with California Entity Number, C3231738.

2. Article FOUR of the OncoCyte Corporation 2018 Equity Incentive PlanArticles of Incorporation of the corporation is amended to read as follows:

 

FOUR:The corporation is authorized to issue two classes of shares, which shall be designated “Common Stock” and “Preferred Stock.” The number of shares of Common Stock which the corporation is authorized to issue is [8,500,000 / 5,666,667 / 4,250,000 / 3,400,000], and the number of shares of Preferred Stock which the corporation is authorized to issue is 5,000,000. The Preferred Stock may be issued in one or more series as the board of directors may by resolution designate. The board of directors is authorized to fix the number of shares of any series of Preferred Stock and to determine or alter the rights, preferences, privileges, and restrictions granted to or imposed upon the Preferred Stock as a class, or upon any wholly unissued series of Preferred Stock. The board of directors may, by resolution, increase or decrease (but not below the number of shares of such series then outstanding) the number of shares of any series of Preferred Stock subsequent to the issue of shares of that series. Upon the amendment of this Article to read as herein set forth, each [ten (10) / fifteen (15) / twenty (20) / twenty-five (25)] shares of Common Stock of the Corporation issued and outstanding as of 5:00 p.m. Pacific Time on the date this Certificate of Amendment of the Articles of Incorporation is filed with the Secretary of State of the State of California (the “Effective Time”) is combined and converted into one (1) share of Common Stock. Each shareholder who, immediately prior to the Effective Time, owns a number of shares of Common Stock which is not evenly divisible by [ten (10) / fifteen (15) / twenty (20) / twenty-five (25)] shall, with respect to such fractional interest, be entitled to receive from the Corporation cash in an amount equal to such fractional interest multiplied by the closing sales price of the Common Stock, as last reported on the Nasdaq Stock Market immediately prior to the Effective Time.

4.1 Subject to adjustment

4. The foregoing amendment of the Articles of Incorporation has been duly approved by the board of directors.

5. The foregoing amendment of the Articles of Incorporation has been duly approved by the required vote of shareholders in accordance with Section 11, asection 902 of the Corporations Code. The total number of 26,000,000outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be available for the grant of Awards under the Plan. Any shares of Common Stock granted in connection with Options and Stock Appreciation Rights shall be counted against this limit as one share for every one Option or Stock Appreciation Right awarded. Any shares of Common Stock granted in connection with Awards other than Options and Stock Appreciation Rights shall be counted against this limit as two (2) shares of Common Stock for every one (1) share of Common Stock granted in connection with such Award. During the terms of the Awards,corporation entitled to vote with respect to the Company shall keep available at all times theamendment was 164,821,077. The number of shares of Common Stock voting in favor of the amendment equaled or exceeded the vote required. The percentage vote required was more than 50%. The outstanding shares of Preferred Stock of the corporation were not entitled to satisfy such Awards.vote with respect to the foregoing amendment.

We further declare under penalty of perjury under the laws of the State of California that the matters set forth in this certificate are true and correct of our own knowledge.

Executed at Irvine, California on [____________], 2023.

Josh Riggs, President
Peter Hong, Secretary

APPENDIX B

AMENDMENT TO
OncoCyte Corporation
2018 Equity Incentive Plan

Section 4.2 of the Oncocyte Corporation Amended and Restated 2018 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended, is hereby amended to read in full as follows:

“4.2[Reserved.]”